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Skull Positioning DMI 55

Skull Positioning DMI 55. In the beginning-. 2 types of Skull bones. -form protective housing of brain (cranial vault). 8 Cranial. 14 Facial. -provides structure, shape & support for face protective housing for upper ends of respiratory & digestive tracts

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Skull Positioning DMI 55

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  1. Skull Positioning DMI 55 In the beginning-

  2. 2 types of Skull bones -form protective housing of brain (cranial vault) 8 Cranial 14 Facial • -provides structure, shape & support for face • protective housing for upper ends of respiratory & digestive tracts • with cranial-forms eye sockets

  3. The Cranium • The Brain • Of Jane • Lies Mainly • In her Cran (ium)

  4. The8Cranial Bones are: • 1 Frontal • 2 Parietal • 1 Occipital • 1 Ethmoid • 1 Sphenoid • 2 Temporal

  5. Top of skull = skull cap=Calvarium • It is made up of 4 bones • Frontal • L & R Parietal • Occipital

  6. Frontal bone

  7. 2 parietal bones

  8. Occipital Floor of Cranium

  9. The Floor of the Cranium is made of 4 bones(The four on the floor!) • The Ethmoid • The Sphenoid • Left & Right Temporal bones

  10. 1 Ethmoid Bone

  11. 1 Sphenoid bone

  12. 2 Temporal bones

  13. Temporal Bones PETROUS RIDGE LATERAL AP

  14. Temporal bones contain the organs of hearing and balance!

  15. There are14Facial Bones • 2 maxillary bones • 2 nasal • 2 lacrimal • 2 Zygoma (malar) • 2 palatine • 2 inferior nasal conchae • 1 vomer • 1 mandible

  16. 2Maxillary bones

  17. 2 nasal bones 2 lacrimal bones

  18. 2 Zygomas

  19. 2 Palatine bones

  20. 2 inferior nasal conchae

  21. 1 Vomer

  22. 1 Mandible

  23. At approximately what age does the human eyeball reach maturity? Would you believe 1 year?

  24. What are fontanels? Six areas of incomplete ossification in a newborn

  25. Sphenoidal fontanel (pterion) Mastoid fontanel (asterion)

  26. At what age do the fontanels close? • Posterior and sphenoidal fontanels close during first 1-3 months after birth • Anterior and mastoid fontanels close during 2nd year of life

  27. Radiographic Landmarks

  28. Radiographic Landmarks

  29. Landmarks

  30. All skull positions are based on 3 factors • Rotation • Tilt • Flexion-Extension

  31. 3 types of Skull Position change • 1st type - • Rotation -your head is rotating on an axis-your neck • The “NO” position

  32. 2nd type of skull position change • Flexion-extension • Also called “Yes” position Extension Flexion

  33. 3rd type of skull position change • Tilt • Or “Maybe” position

  34. Skull Morphology Dolichocephalic Brachycephalic Mesocephalic

  35. Average Skull

  36. Brachycephalic- (Broad) Skull Morphology Dolichocephalic- (David)

  37. Skull Morphology Mesocephalic- (middle-average) Microcephalic

  38. Review • A-Vomer • B-Perp.plate ethmoid • C-Nasion • D- inferior nasal conchae • E- Anterior nasal spine

  39. Lateral Skull • a-sphenoid • b-squamous suture • c-temporal • d-occipital • e-EAM • f-mastoid process • g-styloid process • h-TMJ • i-zygoma b (suture) c a b A a i d e g f h h

  40. Landmarks Midsagittal plane a b Glabella Interpupillary line c Outer Canthus j d Inner Canthus Infraorbitlal margin i e Nasion f Acanthion h Gonion g Mentum

  41. There are generally5basic positions in a “Skull Series” • PA • PA Axial (Caldwell) • Lateral • AP Axial (Towne) • SMV (Submentovertical) • All use 40” SID and 10X12 IR

  42. PA projection

  43. PA projection O degrees • Forehead and nose touch IR • CR perpendicular to IR (0 deg. Angle) • Exit at nasion • Cassette 10x12 lengthwise

  44. Alternate PA skull projections AP Decub style

  45. PA Skull-Evaluation Criteria • Entire Cranium included • Equal distance from lateral border of skull to lateral border of orbit on both sides • Symmetric petrous pyramids filling orbits! R

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