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Trans-Oceanic Explorations

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Trans-Oceanic Explorations

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    1. Trans-Oceanic Explorations

    2. How did they begin? Who started them? Why did they go?

    3. Zhu Yuanzhang Rebel leader against Mongols Yuan and Tamerlane. Hong Wu meaning Immensely Martial or Vast Military New dynasty Ming = Brightness

    4. HW Reign 1368-1398 Closed NW frontier vital statistics records redistributed land Ta- Ming Lu (legal code) Less taxes, water controls, exploited wasteland to grow grain, released craftsmen from slavery.

    6. Eunuchs—HW’s power base Confucians worked for the Yuan, so Ming rulers relied on eunuchs.

    8. The Early Ming Dynasty 1st Hong Wu 2nd Grandson Zhu Yunwen crowned Emperor Jianwen (no images left) 4 years of war between the grandson Zhu Yunwen and HW’s son… 3rd Zhu Di

    9. Prince Zhu Di (Wudi) The Yongle Emperor (r. 1403-1424) Perpetually Jubilant or Eternally Happy

    10. The Forbidden City

    12. Capital moved Nanjing to Beijing

    13. Zheng He Captured by Chinese Central Asian and Muslim Made a eunuch age 13 7 feet tall? General Advisor Admiral

    14. China’s vassals—the Indian Ocean 7 trips between 1404 and 1433 Chinese Trade Communities Show of Strength Diplomacy (and exacting tribute) 30 countries Giraffe 1415 the Chi-i-lin (unicorn) Lions, leopards, ostriches, zebras

    15. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=C3816mwmJJ0 http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/sultan/media/expl_01q.html

    16. Voyages of Zheng He

    17. The Armada 300 ships 62 were 400 ft long (baochuan = treasure ships) 9 masts with bamboo sails, adjustable 30,000 men (soldiers and marines) Water-tight compartments 500 yrs before others 180 physicians, 5 astrologers, sailmakers, accountants, blacksmiths, herbalists, etc.

    19. Zheng He left this in Sri Lanka. It is written in Chinese, Tamil, and Persian. On it, inscriptions in Chinese, Tamil and Persian praise Buddha, Shiva and Allah in equal measure. According to the tributes, alms to each deity—1,000 pieces of gold, 5,000 of silver, rolls of embroidered silk and taffeta, gold vases and scented oil—were offered in scrupulously identical lots. The offerings and the stela, erected by Zheng He on his third trip to the island, were failed bids at diplomacy. When his efforts were frustrated by the fractious locals, too busy fighting each other to pay adequate obeisance to the admiral, he invaded and captured one of their warrior leaders. On it, inscriptions in Chinese, Tamil and Persian praise Buddha, Shiva and Allah in equal measure. According to the tributes, alms to each deity—1,000 pieces of gold, 5,000 of silver, rolls of embroidered silk and taffeta, gold vases and scented oil—were offered in scrupulously identical lots. The offerings and the stela, erected by Zheng He on his third trip to the island, were failed bids at diplomacy. When his efforts were frustrated by the fractious locals, too busy fighting each other to pay adequate obeisance to the admiral, he invaded and captured one of their warrior leaders.

    20. Voyages of exploration, 1405-1498. Page: 596

    21. Death of Yongle 1424 Confucians vs. Eunuchs Tradition vs. Innovation Family vs. business Confucius on travel and business Financial constraints 1500 illegal to build oceanic vessels 1525 Destruction of all large ships.

    22. Zheng He now? The shipwreck…Pate

    23. Other places … Tamerlane died 1405 Spanish Inquisition begins European kingdoms gain power Timeline Ming and the World http://www.geissfoundation.org/pear_publications/pearpub_ming_emperors/illustrated_ming_emperors.htm

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