Welcome

1. Welcome • To the Inauguration of “The Energy Centre” 26th - Feb - 2014

2. Smart Micro-grid withRooftop Solar System • Dr. R. Ramarathnam • Chairman • Basil Energetics Private Ltd., Chennai

3. Energy Scenario in India – Key Issues • India (along with China) is a very energy intensive economy • India uses nearly 6 times more energy than Japan to produce the same amount of output (GDP) • It is also the 3rd largest polluter of the world • Energy demand is growing rapidly in India, almost at 10% p.a • The growth of energy demand is even higher in less developed states like UP, Bihar, etc. • Peak power shortage in the country is 18 ~ 19%

4. Energy Usage - The Scenario • 70% of about 247 million households in India lack modern amenities • Emerging middle class is rapidly taking to appliances like air conditioner & refrigerators • Air conditioner market is growing at 35% • Only 2% of the households have air conditioners • The present per capita consumption of about 775 kWh/annum will rise swiftly as India grows • To cater to this increasing demand an additional 88 GW is needed in the next 3 - 4 years • Energy Efficiency & Renewable Energy can play a significant role in bridging this gap.

5. Renewable Energy Scenario in India • Installed renewable capacity - 28950 MW (Aug 2013) • 66% of this is accounted for by wind energy, which is not quite reliable and is seasonal • Rooftop solar constitute only 3% of the above • Rooftop solar has a huge untapped potential. • This is reliable and India has 300 sunny days in almost all the places

6. Energy Efficiency • It is a low hanging fruit and is the shortest way to achieve Energy security • Managing the demand side is much easier than putting up additional generation capacity • McKinsey estimates that spending about 170 Billion USD annually will reduce: • Growth in Energy Demand by 50% • CO2 emission by 50% • Global annual energy costs by 900 Billion USD • Emerging economies with huge constraints to build infastructure should focus on Energy Efficiency

7. TamilNadu Scenario • Annual energy consumption is projected to grow from the present 71500 Million units to 87000 M units by the end of 2016. • Additional generating capacity of 7310 MW by the end of 12th plan • Even then a deficit of around 11% would remain by 2016. • Things would be much worse if the India economy picks up on growth. • The state could miss out on the growth parameters if the energy issue is not sorted out quickly

8. Energy Efficiency - Present Trends • Most of the present work is related to Lights • Motors account for nearly 60 ~ 65% of the electricity consumption • Nearly 50% would be accounted by air conditioners, refrigerators & pumps • Existing BEE norms are quite lenient and way behind global trends • SEEP (Super Efficient Equipment Program) of BEE plans to target only fans first • EE coupled with RE would represent a paradigm shift in ensuring ‘Energy Security’ to the country

9. Smart Micro-grid Solar System with Hybrid Appliances

10. Existing Rooftop Solar Systems Battery Charge Controller Inverter PV Panel Lights & Fans

11. Present Solution - Issues • Existing inefficient appliances are used • Motorised appliances, with large starting currents are not included • Refrigerator & Air conditioner not included • Battery charge controller & Inverters are needed • Loss of efficiency could be significant • Battery maintenance & Replacement cost are important issues • Overall cost is quite high • Rooftop area required is also high

12. The New Solution Micro Wind Micro Hydel Solar Panel Bio Gas Generator Grid Inverter Battery Bank Air Conditioner Ceiling Fan LED Lights Submersible Pump Refrigerator

13. New Solution - Key Features • Use of Super Efficient Appliances • All appliances operate directly from DC or AC • Soft starting - no starting current • No Inverter • No battery, unless critical backup is needed • MPPT enables the use of solar power to the maximum extent • When excess power is available in the panels, (load is less than generation), the same can be fed to the grid when the rules permit

14. New Solution - Features • Central Grid Controller (CGC) monitors the power available in the panels and also the load requirements so that: • All the appliances run from DC when sunshine is available • In case of cloudy conditions, maximum power available in the panels is used • When sunshine is not there, the appliances run from the utility mains

15. New Solution - Advantages • No costs when sunshine is available • When running from AC Mains, the following advantages accrue: • The power bill comes down by at least 50% • The power factor is near unity for all the appliances - tariff incentives can be availed of • Wide voltage fluctuations in the input supply voltage are permissible - 100/150 V ~ 270 V (No stabilisers are needed) • Credits from the EB for excess power fed back to the grid

16. Super Efficient Appliances

17. Load Description

18. Rupees Comparison - Cost

19. Watts Comparison - Power

20. Future …….. • Thin Film PV panels instead of polycrystalline types • Building Integrated Photo Voltaic (BIPV) for high rise buildings • Grid connectivity as and when the rules permit • More hybrid appliances to be added • Working on improved and long life batteries for electricity storage

21. Finally ….. • The new solution specifically addresses heavy motorised loads • When Net metering is allowed, excess energy can be fed back to the grid • Other RE sources like Micro Wind, PICO Hydel, Biomass/Biogas can be added to the micro grid • All large users, including homes, can be persuaded to deploy the new solution, thereby eliminating the power cuts altogether

22. Thank You