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Wireless Networking (WLAN). Reina Trujillo Nathan Ekenberg. Overview. Uses of WLAN’s professions who benefit from WLAN’s Communication Medians Current Concerns typical connection sequence CSPD Wireless Network goals benefit security issues Future of Wireless Networks.
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Wireless Networking(WLAN) Reina Trujillo Nathan Ekenberg
Overview • Uses of WLAN’s • professions who benefit from WLAN’s • Communication Medians • Current Concerns • typical connection sequence • CSPD Wireless Network • goals • benefit • security issues • Future of Wireless Networks
Uses of WLAN’s • Users constantly on the move • University Environment • students moving from building to building • Medical Profession • Doctor’s and nurses • A number of others • in particular CSPD
Types of communication • Infrared • remote controls • Limitations • direct line • a single room • interference from • sun • fluorescent lights • No license required • high data transfer rate
Radio Frequency (RF) • increased capabilities • signal penetrates floors and walls • increase size • increase capabilities • Two types of RF • Frequency Hoping Spread Spectrum (FHSS) • Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum (DSSS) • standard chosen by IEEE 802.11
DHSS vs FHSS • DHSS • split each byte into several pieces • similar to packets • send pieces concurrently • use different frequencies • 2.4 Ghz spectrum • 2 Mbps transfer rate
FHSS • FHSS • also split each byte into pieces • send short bursts of data • “hop” to a different frequency • send short burst of data • 2 Mbps rate • also uses 2.4 Ghz spectrum
Current concerns • Security • sending of sensitive information • use data encryption • Wired Equivalent Privacy (WEP) • based on wired network encryption algorithms • encrypts data • only those with a “key” are able to decrypt and read • standard in the IEEE 802.11 protocol
interference • cordless phones (2.4 Ghz) • inefficient and unreliable • slow connection speeds
send/receive procedure 1. Listen to see if someone is currently transmitting - yes, wait a random amount of time before trying again - no, send a RTS signal (will allow the station to gain exclusive access) RTS will contain the destination address 2. The destination will receive the RTS and then send a message of it’s own, a CTS message 3. Sender sends the data 4. Receiver sends a ACK message to sender Sender Receiver RTS CTS DATA ACK • Ready to Send (RTS) • Clear to Send (CTS)
CSPD Wireless Network • Use of WLAN to: • share tactical information • share records data • internal communications • communicate with external agencies • provide better response services
Goals • Correct documented network vulnerabilities • Correct information system security problems • network segmentation for optimum security • improve access to CSPD and City information systems
Benefits • Increased security for shared applications • improved operational efficiency • access to military and intelligence systems • timely support for network and security problems
Security Issues • Exposure of SQL databases to Internet • Inadequate protection for new eGovernment Web Applications • No Intrusion Detection System (IDS) • against hackers and rogue applications • Contain sensitive information • undercover officer identification compromised • investigations could be compromised • tactical planning files could be compromised
Future • Increase transfer rates • new protocols currently being tested • bluetooth • HiperLan1 • ETSI standard • rates up to 23.5 Mbps • HiperLan2 • ETSI standard • rates up to 56 Mbps • reduce interference • use the 5Ghz spectrum