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Introduction to Bioinformatics: Lecture I An Overview of the Course

Introduction to Bioinformatics: Lecture I An Overview of the Course. Jarek Meller Division of Biomedical Informatics, Children’s Hospital Research Foundation & Department of Biomedical Engineering, UC. Outline of the outline lecture.

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Introduction to Bioinformatics: Lecture I An Overview of the Course

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  1. Introduction to Bioinformatics: Lecture I An Overview of the Course Jarek Meller Division of Biomedical Informatics, Children’s Hospital Research Foundation & Department of Biomedical Engineering, UC JM - http://folding.chmcc.org

  2. Outline of the outline lecture • Bioinformatics as hypothesis generator for biomedical research in the postgenomic era • Bioinformatics at the University of Cincinnati& Children’s Hospital Research Foundation: research and resources • Introduction to Bioinformatics course: problems and case studies, web and Protein Modeling Lab resources, syllabus and some practical issues JM - http://folding.chmcc.org

  3. Bioinformatics as hypotheses generator 0111010010110001101 Making sense of massive amounts of genomic, proteomic etc. information in order to facilitate further experiments by data mining and inference, modeling and computer simulations. JM - http://folding.chmcc.org

  4. Some more “precise” definitions • “Roughly, bioinformatics describes any use of computers to handle biological information” • “In practice the definition used by most people is narrower; bioinformatics to them is a synonym for "computational molecular biology“ -- the use of computers to characterize the molecular components of living things.” • “The mathematical, statistical and computing methods that aim to solve biological problems using DNA and amino acid sequences and related information.” • More: http://bioinfomatics.org JM - http://folding.chmcc.org

  5. Other “definitions” • Subject or body of research – e.g. google bioinformatics and simply digest the 2 ML (1 ML= 106 Links) or so … • Methods and approaches: computational paradigm in molecular biology and biomedical research • Institutional boundaries – take a body of research from all the scientific institutions having “bioinformatics” in their name • Let us have look at local bioinformatics resources JM - http://folding.chmcc.org

  6. Bioinformatics at the UC and CHRF: Research and Resources JM - http://folding.chmcc.org

  7. Pneumocystis Genome Project Sequencing the genome of a fungal pathogen causing Pneumocystis pneumonia: towards novel drug targets and therapies. • Melanie Cushion (VA/UC) • George Smulian (VA/UC) • JM http://pneumocystis.cchmc.org UC/CHRF sequencing core: http://dna.chmcc.org JM - http://folding.chmcc.org

  8. Microarray-based gene expression studies Numerous studies on genome-wide expression profiles to identify interesting targets and elucidate protein pathways. • Bruce Aronow (CHRF) • Mario Medvedovic (UC/CHRF) • Yizong Cheng (UC) CHRF Affymetrix GeneChip core UC Genomics and Microarray Lab JM - http://folding.chmcc.org

  9. Clustering algorithms for expression profiles Medvedovic M and Sivaganesan S; Bayesian infinite mixture model based clustering of gene expression profiles , Bioinformatics 2002 Medvedovic M, Yeung KY, Bumgarner RE; Bayesian mixture model based clustering of replicated microarray data, to appear in Bioinformatics 2004 GIMM (Gaussian Infinite Mixture Models) Software (M. Medvedovic) JM - http://folding.chmcc.org

  10. Computational studies of transcription regulation Jegga AG, Sherwood SP, Carman JW, Pinski AT, Phillips JL, Pestian JP, Aronow BJ; Detection and visualization of compositionally similar cis-regulatory element clusters in orthologous and coordinately controlled genes, Genome Research 2002 Detection of Transcription Factors binding sites  TRAFAC server http://trafac.cchmc.org JM - http://folding.chmcc.org

  11. Proteomics Studying protein expression, structure, interactions, pathways etc. • Rashmi Hedge (CHRF) • Mark Rance (UC) • Patt Limbach (UC) • Bruce Aronow (CHRF) • Michael Wagner (CHRF) • JM JM - http://folding.chmcc.org

  12. Protein expression profiling Wagner M, Naik D, Pothen A; Protocols for disease classification from mass spectrometry data, Proteomics 9 (2003) Wagner M, Naik D, Pothen A, Kasukurti S, Devineni R, Adam B, Semmes O and Wright Jr G; Computational Protein Biomarker Prediction: A Case Study for Prostate Cancer, to appear in BMC Bioinformatics (2004) Searching for disease fingerprints in mass spec profiles  JM - http://folding.chmcc.org

  13. Structural and functional annotations for proteins R. Adamczak, A. Porollo and J. Meller; Accurate Prediction of Solvent Accessibility Using Neural Networks Based Regression, Proteins: Structure, Function and Bioinformatics, to appear (2004) A. Porollo, R. Adamczak and J. Meller; Polyview: A Flexible Visualization Tool for Structural and Functional Annotations of Proteins, Bioinformatics, to appear (2004) SABLE server http://sable.cchmc.org POLYVIEW server http://polyview.cchmc.org JM - http://folding.chmcc.org

  14. Machine learning and pattern recognition • JM • Michael Wagner • Rafal Adamczak • Mario Medvedovic Fishing for patterns and fingerprints that correlate with phenotypes and biological processes JM - http://folding.chmcc.org

  15. Genomic fingerprints of disease states JM - http://folding.chmcc.org

  16. Perspectives and future directions • Integration of individual projects and systems biology approach • Predictive medicine using multi-dimensional fingerprints of disease states, risks and optimal treatments • Infrastructure challenges: the Center for Computational Medicine as a regional hub for biomedical research JM - http://folding.chmcc.org

  17. Summary of current resources UC Center for Genomics and Bioinformatics UC NMR Core UC/CHRF Proteomics Core UC and CHRF sequencing cores UC and CHRF microarrays cores CHRF computational infrastructure http://genome.uc.edu http://info.chmcc.org http://folding.chmcc.org http://www.cincinnatichildrens.org/research/cores/default.htm JM - http://folding.chmcc.org

  18. Web resources and materials for the course • Protein Modeling Lab • Remote access to PML and the Citrix software • All lectures and other materials available electronically from the PML servers • Electronic tests and homework, web submission interfaces • The web site for the Introduction to Bioinformatics course • Updates http://folding.chmcc.org http://folding.chmcc.org/protlab/protlab.html http://folding.chmcc.org/intro2bioinfo/intro2bioinfo.html JM - http://folding.chmcc.org

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