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Do Now

Do Now. At your table, share some good things that have happened this week. You do not need to write this down. Make sure you have turned everything in (syllabus, 5 themes photos, paragraph, quiz corrections). Climate and Vegetation Regions. September 7, 2012.

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Do Now

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  1. Do Now • At your table, share some good things that have happened this week. • You do not need to write this down. • Make sure you have turned everything in (syllabus, 5 themes photos, paragraph, quiz corrections).

  2. Climate and Vegetation Regions September 7, 2012

  3. The Köppen Climate Classification • 3 letter system • First letter = temperature • Second letter = precipitation • Third letter = finer shades of temperature • Csa = Mediterranean • C = middle latitude temperature • s = summer dry • a = hot summers (as opposed to warm)

  4. The Köppen Climate Classification • A= Tropical (equatorial regions) • B= Deserts (arid, semiarid) • C= Mesothermal (mild winter) • D= Microthermal (cold winter) • E= Polar (always cold) • H= Highland (mountains, plateaus)

  5. Climate Regions

  6. Vegetation Regions

  7. Tropical Humid Climates (A) • 36% of Earth’s total surface • Consistently warm • Subcategories based on rainfall • Tropical rainforest • Tropical monsoon • Tropical savanna

  8. Climate: Tropical Rainforest • High rainfall all year • Surrounds Equator

  9. Vegetation: Tropical Rainforest • Region: surrounds Equator • Vegetation: tall trees, ferns, vines • Highest density of plant species • Animals: insects, amphibians, reptiles, birds • More animal species than all other biomes combined • Among most threatened biomes

  10. Climate: Savanna • Surround tropical rainforests • Rainfall: 35-70”/year • Desertification

  11. Vegetation: Savanna • Region: around tropical rainforests • Vegetation: grasses, scattered trees and shrubs • Animals: large grazing animals and predators

  12. Dry Arid / Semiarid Climates (B) • 33% of Earth’s total surface • Water deficits • Subcategories • Desert • Steppe

  13. Climate: Desert • Wide range in temperature • Hot at low latitudes • Variation at high latitudes • Variation in rainfall • < 10 inches/year • Desertification

  14. Vegetation: Desert • Vegetation: Cacti, small flowers, shrubs • Animals: birds, small predators, reptiles

  15. Climate: Steppe • More precipitation than deserts • Narrower range in temperatures • Grasslands • Transitions between deserts and humid climates

  16. Vegetation: Grasslands • Region: Central North America, parts of Africa, Australia, SE South America (Pampas) • Best soil on Earth • Vegetation: grasses, some trees and bushes • Animals: large grazing animals, burrowing animals, a few predators

  17. Mesothermal Climates (C) • 20 % of Earth’s surface • “Middle temperatures” • True seasons • Subcategories based on precipitation • Humid subtropical • Marine west coast • Mediterranean

  18. Climate: Humid Subtropical • Hot summer • Cold spells • Year-round precipitation

  19. Vegetation: Temperate Forest (Deciduous) • Region: Western Europe, East Asia, Eastern U.S. • Good soil for agriculture • Broad leafed deciduous trees: oaks, hickories, maples • Animals hibernate and migrate

  20. Climate: Mediterranean • Surrounds Mediterranean Sea • Dry summers • Parts of Australia, South Africa, and Chile

  21. Vegetation: Mediterranean • Region: west coast and central California, SW. Australia, tip of South Africa, West Peru, Chile, Mediterranean • Vegetation: grassland, scattered trees, shrubs • Valuable for agriculture • At risk for fires, erosion, and desertification

  22. Microthermal Climates (D) • Almost entirely in the Northern Hemisphere • Humid continental

  23. Climate: Humid Continental • Long, cold winters • Moderate precipitation • Large temperature range

  24. Vegetation: Coniferous Forest • Region: northern parts of North America, Europe, Asia, South America, New Zealand, southern Australia • Vegetation: coniferous trees (needle-leaved) • Animals: large herbivores, predators • Problems: acid rain, logging, oil drilling

  25. Polar Climates (E) • < 50°F all year • High winds • Surround North and South Poles • Subcategories • Tundra • Ice caps

  26. Climate: Tundra • Very low precipitation • 32-50°F

  27. Vegetation: Tundra • Region: North of the coniferous forest, high latitudes of northern hemisphere in a belt around the Arctic Ocean, near the coast • Permafrost • Vegetation: mosses, low grasses, small plants • Animals: small burrowing, migratory, some predators

  28. Climate: Ice Caps • < 32°F • Very little precipitation • North and South Poles

  29. Highland Climates (H) • Lower temperatures • More moisture • High winds

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