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REVIEW: Rate Laws

REVIEW: Rate Laws. At a certain temperature, the following data were collected for the reaction 2 ICl + H 2  I 2 + 2 HCl Calculate the rate law and the value of the rate constant for the reaction. Reactant Concentration vs. Time. A  product, reaction is 1 st order wrt A.

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REVIEW: Rate Laws

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  1. REVIEW: Rate Laws At a certain temperature, the following data were collected for the reaction 2 ICl + H2 I2 + 2 HCl Calculate the rate law and the value of the rate constant for the reaction.

  2. Reactant Concentration vs. Time A  product, reaction is 1st order wrt A Calculus Magic (Integrate) • D[A] • [A]t rate = k [A]  ln = k[A] = kt • [A]o • Dt • D[A] rate =  • Dt ln [A]t= -kt + ln [A]o

  3. Differential Rate Law expresses relation of concentration and rate 1storder: rate = k[A] Integrated Rate Law expresses relation between concentration and time ln[A]t= -kt + ln [A]o y = mx + b

  4. Differential Rate Law expresses relation of concentration and rate 1storder: rate = k[A] 2nd order: rate = k[A]2 0 order: rate = k Integrated Rate Law expresses relation between concentration and time ln[A]t= -kt + ln [A]o [A]t = -kt + [A]o

  5. 2NO2(g)  2NO(g) + O2(g)

  6. 2NO2(g)  2NO(g) + O2(g)

  7. Decomposition of H2O2

  8. Data for the dimerization of Butadiene: 2C4H6 C8H12 Time (s)[C4H6] (M) 0.0 0.01000 1000 0.00625 1800 0.00476 2800 0.00370 3600 0.00313 • What is the order of the reaction and the value of the rate constant?

  9. Zero Order: First Order: Second Order:

  10. Half-life • the time required for the concentration of a reactant to fall to one-half of its initial value • (ex) reaction with half-life of 100s. Initial concentration of reactant 1.0M

  11. Half-life • equation varies with reaction order • 1st order: • 2nd order:

  12. Half-life • Nuclear decay is always a first-order process ln [A]t = -kt + ln [A]o Thallium-208 undergoes beta decay. It has a half-life of 3.1 minutes. (a) How much time does it take 1.00 g of the isotope to decay to 0.175g? (b) Given 11.0 g of thallium-208, how much remains after 23 minutes?

  13. Thallium-208 undergoes beta decay. It has a half-life of 3.1 minutes. • How much time does it take 1.00 g of the isotope to decay to 0.175g? (b) Given 11.0 g of thallium-208, how much remains after 23 minutes?

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