Darcy Bullock, P.E. Professor School of Civil Engineering Purdue University

1. Anonymous Bluetooth Probes for Special Event Traffic Management and EvaluationAirport Security Line Service Time Measurement Darcy Bullock, P.E.Professor School of Civil Engineering Purdue University

2. Agenda • Introductions • Darcy Bullock, Purdue University • Jay Wasson, Indiana Department of Transportation • Jim Sturdevant, Indiana Department of Transportation • Arthur Drenth, DHS • Scot Thaxton,DHS • Domenic Bianchini, DHS • Bullock Perception of Context/Problem Statement • Example Data from Brickyard 400 • Examine floor plan of IND (or DCA) to discuss application • Identification of potential social and technical issues • Next Step

3. History • Based upon INDOT initiative to measure travel time along freeways and arterials. • Wasson, J.S., J.R. Sturdevant, D.M. Bullock, “Real-Time Travel Time Estimates Using MAC Address Matching,” Institute of Transportation Engineers Journal, ITE, Vol. 78, No. 6, pp. 20-23, June 2008.

4. Context of Talk • We don’t build the fishing poles (private sector is better at that) • We teach people to build them • We are very nimble at proof of concept research to refine design

5. Problem Statement • How we can leverage pervasive consumer electronics to provide accurate real-time estimates of passengers travelling through a security line. http://www.flyawaycafe.com/wp-content/uploads/2007/08/getting-through-airport-security.jpg

6. Concepts • This is generally a plug flow system. We only need to measure a modest sample to get accurate estimates • Continuous system measurement allow pro-active allocation of resources and establishment of quantitative history. • Provides fact based information • Analogy to motorists reports vs. reality on delay.

7. Indianapolis Motor Speedway (IMS) • Attendance ~400,000 • Seats 257,000 • Indianapolis 500 and Brickyard 400 are two largest single day sporting events in world. • 1 billion $ economic impact on region IMS

8. 2008 Challenge: Extensive I-465Construction IMS

9. Bluetooth Probe Checkpoints

10. Glossary • MAC Address: a 48 bit (>28 trillion) unique address assigned to a device by its manufacturer. • Bluetooth: a wireless protocol utilizing short-range communications technology facilitating data transmission over short distances from fixed and/or mobile devices

11. Sample from Workshop on 11/21/08

12. Useful Data Station 1 Station 2

13. First-FirstLast-Last First-First LAST-LAST

14. Estimated Travel Time Example Not always a trivial distinction…some thought needs to be given to geometrics/physics

15. Bluetooth MAC Address Concept

16. Typical Data Collection Sites 5 INDOT Stations 3 Portable UMD Stations Bluetooth Antenna at Site I-2 Blimp Battery powered unit at Site I-1

17. Bluetooth MAC Address Data (654,876 Records)

18. Theory  Practice

19. I-465 Corridor to North Arterial I1,I2,A1

20. SB I2-I1 Segment (~2 miles) Travel Time (S) 578 unique probe samples 1500-1800

21. I-465 Corridor to North Arterial I1I2A1 after IMS Traffic departing from A1 to I1 NorthboundTravel Time (S) Details Next Slide SouthboundTravel Time (S) Friday evening incident IMS Traffic arriving at A1 from I1

22. A closer look at I1-I2 between 1830 and 1853 on race day Transient spike in NB travel Time observed over ~23 minutes with ~70 probes NorthboundTravel Time (S) SouthboundTravel Time (S)

23. I-465 Corridor to South Arterial I1,I2, I3,A2

24. I-465 Corridor to South Arterial I1,I2,I3,A2 before Northbound Travel time from I3 to I1 Northbound Travel time from A2 to I1 NorthboundTravel Time (S) SouthboundTravel Time (S) Southbound Travel time from I1 to I3 Southbound Travel time from I1 to A2

25. I-465 Corridor to South Arterial I1,I2,I3,A2 after Northbound Travel time from I3 to I1 IMS Traffic departing from A2 to I1 NorthboundTravel Time (S) SouthboundTravel Time (S) IMS Traffic arriving from I1 to A2 Friday evening incident, Southbound Travel time from I1 to I3 triples

26. Agenda • Introductions • Bullock Perception of Context/Problem Statement • Example Data from Brickyard 400 • Examine floor plan of IND (or DCA) to discuss application • Identification of potential social and technical issues • Next Step

28. Pre Security, Option 1:Antenna in Window or Walkway

29. Pre Security, Option 2:Entry to Each Security Check bs_B bs_A

30. After security , Candidate Locations as_B as_A

31. Photos of After security Candidate Locations

32. DCA would likely require 4 before and 4 after locations

33. Agenda • Introductions • Bullock Perception of Context/Problem Statement • Example Data from Brickyard 400 • Examine floor plan of IND (or DCA) to discuss application • Identification of potential social and technical issues • Next Step

34. Potential Technical Issues and Social/Political • Technical • 110 VAC Power • IP Communication (desirable, not essential) • Antenna placement (some experimentation) • Social/Privacy • Data destruction policy • Perhaps disclose, tell people how to opt in/opt out (University Research is a great vehicle to provide arms length experimentation) • Perhaps provide opportunity to opt in and track historical times

35. Agenda • Introductions • Bullock Perception of Context/Problem Statement • Example Data from Brickyard 400 • Examine floor plan of IND (or DCA) to discuss application • Identification of potential social and technical issues • Next Step

36. Next Step • Study at IND • Meet at IND • Study at DCA • Meet at DCA (perhaps Jan 10 or Jan 14) • Are there opportunities for Purdue to submit a proposal