1 / 11

Puritans in America

Puritans in America. 17 th -18 th century. History of Religious Refugees in America. A. Upset by persecution in England 1. King Charles I forbade change to Church of England

yael
Download Presentation

Puritans in America

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Puritans in America 17th-18th century

  2. History of Religious Refugees in America A. Upset by persecution in England 1. King Charles I forbade change to Church of England 2. Puritans demanded reform while Separatists demanded a break; both felt the Church of England was becoming “too Catholic.” Each wanted to change it—either by purifying it (Puritans) or separating from it (Separatists).

  3. History of Religious Refugees in America B. Fled England for East Coast 1. Separatists landed at Plymouth via the Mayflower, 1620 2. Puritans landed at Massachusetts Bay via the WinthropFleet, 1630 3. Later, Massachusetts Bay colony absorbed Plymouth 4. Puritans established primary schools, renowned colleges, and set up the first colonial printing press

  4. Key Quotation “We shall be as a City upon a Hill, the eyes of all the people are upon us; so that if we shall deal falsely with our God in this work we have undertaken and so cause him to withdraw his present help from us, we shall be made a story and a by-word through the world. (John Winthrop, Governor of Massachusetts Bay Colony)

  5. Puritan Beliefs Based on the teachings of John Calvin, whose Calvinism had five basic principles: “total depravity”: based on the doctrine of original sin; man is inclined more to evil than to good “unconditional election”: predestination—man’s end is not decided by him, but by God; in most cases, man is headed towards damnation (= the non-elect), in a few, he is headed towards salvation (= the elect) “limited atonement”: Jesus died for some, not for all; redemption is intended for the elect, not the non-elect “irresistible grace”:the elect cannot struggle against their salvation “perseverance of the saints”:the elect cannot lose their salvation

  6. Puritan Beliefs B. Man and his accomplishments exist solely to glorify God. C. If one’s hard work results in success, it is a sign that he or she is one of the “elect.”

  7. Puritan/Separatist Genres • sermons, ex. “Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God” by Jonathan Edwards • Audience: present listeners • Purpose: shake listeners’ complacency through frightening word-pictures, similes, metaphors, and analogies • Context: 1741, delivered orally to congregations at Northhampton, MA and Enfield, CT, Late Puritanism, Great Awakening • historical narratives, ex. “Of Plymouth Plantation” by William Bradford • Audience: future readers, the “children” whose “fathers wrestled in going through these things in their first beginnings” • Purpose: relay historical information and provide a model of moral and religious courage brought on by trial • Context: written 1630, published 1856; some material submitted by Bradford to a journal of the colonists’ early years, full manuscript lost and recovered two centuries later in a London bishop’s library

  8. Puritan/Separatist Genres • poetry, ex. Anne Bradstreet’s 1. Audience: herself 2. Purpose: explore the tension between her desire and duty 3. Context: written and published around 1650, her brother-in-law published a collection of her scholarly poems as The Tenth Muse Lately Sprung Up in America, By a Gentlewoman of These Parts

  9. Puritan Literary Style • very personal • the aim is to be clear, not clever • the aim is to be direct, not full of unnecessary detail, digression, or trappings • a plain style reflects the virtue of humility

  10. Context Questions • How are Puritan religious values and beliefs seen in both a) general themes in and b) direct quotations from their literature? • What place, if any, do Puritan values still have in today’s world?

  11. 1. Original, Historical, or both?2. American Dream for these writers? Course Theme Questions

More Related