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Human Heredity

Human Heredity. Human Chromosomes. When chromosomes separate during mitosis and are condensed and easy to see scientist take photographs of them an pair them. A picture of the way in which they are paired is called a karyotype. Karyotypes.

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Human Heredity

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  1. Human Heredity

  2. Human Chromosomes • When chromosomes separate during mitosis and are condensed and easy to see scientist take photographs of them an pair them. • A picture of the way in which they are paired is called a karyotype.

  3. Karyotypes • Karyotypes help to identify the sister chromatids for the 46 chromosomes. • 23 from the sperm/23 from the egg.

  4. Chromosomes • Of the 46 chromosomes 2 chromosomes are sex chromosomes. • The sex chromosomes are found on the 23rd set and determine the gender of the individual. • Male is XY • Female is XX

  5. Chromosomes • Females can only contribute X’s to the chromosome of a new individual so the male is who determines the sex of the offspring.

  6. Male Karyotype

  7. Female Karyotype

  8. Genetic Disorders • Sometimes we can determine genetic abnormalities based of the karyotype of an individual. • Downs Syndrome is an extra chromosome on the 21st set.

  9. Pedigree Chart • A pedigree is the relationship of traits in families • Circles represent females • Squares represent males • Vertical line and a bracket represent parents to children • Horizontal line represent marriage • Shaded circle represent expressed trait. • Empty circle represent unexpressed trait.

  10. Pedigree • Pedigrees can represent carriers of genetic problems that are not shown in their traits. • The occurrence of genetic problems related to sex also called sex-linked traits can be represented by the use of a pedigree.

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