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K: Plantae = The Land Plants. What is a plant?. Multicellular autotroph?. With complex tissues?. And blue pigment, phycocyanin. From green algae - early clues Chlorophylls Carotenoids & other pigments Starch Cellulose. Alternation of generation. From Charophycean green algae
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What is a plant? Multicellular autotroph? With complex tissues?
From green algae - early clues Chlorophylls Carotenoids & other pigments Starch Cellulose
From Charophycean green algae 1. rosette terminal complexes (RTCs) in plasma membrane for making cellulose 2. Special peroxisomal enzymes for toxic oxygen products
From Charophycean green algae 3. Type of flagellar root base 4. phragmoplasts (for cytokinesis) chlorophytes charophytes/land plants microtubules microtubules (4 bundles)
Charophycean algae retain zygote
Alternation of generation mitosis mitosis mitosis mitosis mitosis
Walled spores made in sporangium/ia Gametes made in gametangium/ia Male: antheridium/ia Female: archegonium/ia
33-7 33-6 Apical meristems
Plants (gametophytes) can be hermaphroditic/bisexual monoecious dioecious Plants (sporophytes) can be homosporous heterosporous
Major innovations Cuticle with flavonoids Rhizoids Air pore
P: Bryophyta = mosses Sphagnum
Seedless vascular plants xylem phloem
Early vascular plant (fossil): Rhynia stems rhizoids
P: Lycopodiophyta Lycopodium = ground pine/cedar homosporous
Selaginella = spike moss heterosporous
P: Pteridophyta = ferns Azolla = mosquito fern
Fern life cycle indusium