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UEM-FAEF. In field Rainwater Harvesting for Improved Maize Production (Synthesis Results – Lessons & Challenges). By Mário Chilundo & Paiva Munguambe. Final Scientific Workshop JHB, 15-18 th June 2009. Main Objective of the trials.
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UEM-FAEF • In field Rainwater Harvesting for Improved Maize Production • (Synthesis Results – Lessons & Challenges) By Mário Chilundo & Paiva Munguambe Final Scientific Workshop JHB, 15-18th June 2009
Main Objective of the trials Increase water availability for crop growth though in field water harvesting technique
RWH principle… Chókwè
Introduction… Semi-Arid region October to March: rainy season with 75 % of the annual rain; April to September: dry season with 25 % of the annual rain. Chókwè’s average annual rainfall: 582.0 mm
Balanço hídrico(Pr-ETc) Water balance (Pr-ETc)
Study area Chókwè
Methodology • On station trials (EAC) • Design: RCBD • Crop: Maize (Matuba: 120 days; Potential yield: 5-6 ton/ha) • Seasons (2006/07; 2007/08 and 2008/9) • Mulch: 20 ton/ha (vegetable residues) • Rain gauge: Precipitation • Parameters: plant height and grain yield
RWT principle Plastic cover Runoff • RWT: Catchment area covered by PVC plastic • Ratio: control S80 (80*30 cm; 1:1); S160 (160*30 cm; 1:2) and S240 (240*30 cm; 1:3) – 8 rows/plot (6 effectives+ 2 border) Catchment Area (CTA) 160X30 cm Cropping Area (CA) 80X30 cm Ratio (CTA/CA) = 2:1
Maize grain yield (ton/ha) 2007/08 a a growing period growing period Total of 392 mm Total of 471.1 mm b A B 2008/09 C
Final remarks/challenges • Ratios 1:2 (S160) and 1:3 (S240) increased water availability for the crop, resulting in higher grain yields per plant and thus increase WUE; • Climate change vs rainfall patterns vs sowing dates need to be addressed because they will have impact on the yields; • Need to test other “local” material as alternative due to high investments costs (plastic) ; • Need to consider IPDM and fertilizers to increase water productivity and yields