THE BARRIERS TO READING COMPREHENSION (texts)

1. THE BARRIERS TO READING COMPREHENSION (texts) They stand at several levels : barriers not covered in this “signs and meaning” project • neurophysiological • educational (reader – text - context) barriers listed by J. Giasson and covered in “signs and meaning” project ( partly at least).

2. To succeed in producing meaning, information has to follow a path : Perceptive entries Transmission to the brain and treatment by the latter in different places at the same time. Perceptive entries Production of meaning and  pleasure Possible barriers in case of diverse lesions Not covered in “Signs and meaning” project.

3. THE COGNITIVE ASPECT OF THIS COURSE : 2 1 Ability to identify words Ability to recognize words Multiplicity of abilities required at the same time – see details in the following slides Production of meaning and  pleasure + Ability to read by group of words + Barriers partly covered in “signs and meaning” project - = Fluency in reading (see J. Giasson Chapt. 3) Dyslexia not broached

4. Barriers covered in “Signs and Meaning” project. Difficulty (barrier) to : • Identify signs of meaning (at a sentence, paragraph, text, book level) • Giasson (Chapter 3 - 5 - 6 – 7) • Identify signs of cohesion of a sentence, text, book ( setting of links) : 3 barriers : reference Linking words inference (even beyond the text or the book) Giasson (Chapter 4 – 5 – 6 – 7 – 8)

5. Difficulty ((barrier) to : • Convey the words read into practical meaning. (Giasson Ch. 8) • Integrate information of the text to one’s own knowledge. (Giasson Ch. 8) • Reason about the text, formulate an opinion on it. (Giasson Ch. 8) • Adopt a “meta” position relative to its processes and the processes necessary for understanding. (Giasson Ch. 8)

6. Difficulty (barrier) to (continuation) • Calling up prior knowledge essential to a good understanding, difficulty in increasing both the quantity and quality. • Knowledge of the language • Knowledge of textual structures • Knowledge of life, world, culture… (Giasson, ch. 1 to 10) • Having command of enough vocabulary and difficulty in increasing the quantity. (Giasson, ch 11.)

7. Difficulty ((barrier) linked to : • the emotional structure of the reader : self-confidence, ability to take risks, representation of the reading, reading intention…(Giasson Ch. 1). • the reading attention: To read (what for ? what goal ?) (Giasson Ch. 1) To conclude, here are the barriers to reading comprehension in diagram form.

8. Oralization project Absence of project of Global meaning Memorization project What is the reading intention ? • Difficulty in : • conveying the text in a practical meaning • integrating the information to his Knowledge. • reasoning on the text. Difficulty in Finding clues for meaning READING COMPREHENSION DIFFICULTIES Difficulty in adopting a “meta”postion Difficulty in elaborating Meaning hypothesis lack of self-confidence, misrepresentation of reading emotional structure of the reader Non - command of a minimum amount of words Difficulty in finding signs of cohesion : References difficulty relative to previous knowledge : Reference Command of the language Knowledge of literal structures Knowledge of life + culture Linking words Guessing the implicit (inference)