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Chapter 7

Chapter 7. Operating Systems 作業系統 ( 電腦的管家婆 ). O BJECTIVES. Understand the components of an operating system. Understand the concept of virtual memory. Understand the concept of deadlock and starvation.

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Chapter 7

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  1. Chapter 7 Operating Systems 作業系統 (電腦的管家婆)

  2. OBJECTIVES Understand the components of an operating system. Understand the concept of virtual memory. Understand the concept of deadlock and starvation. List some of the characteristics of popular operating systemssuch as Windows 2000, UNIX, and Linux. Define the purpose and functions of an operating system. After reading this chapter, the reader should be able to:

  3. Figure 7-1 Computer System

  4. 7.1 DEFINITION

  5. Note: An operating system is an interface between the hardware of a computer and the user (program or human) that facilitates the execution of the other programs and the access to hardware and software resources.

  6. EVOLUTION: Batch systems Time-sharing systems Personal systems Parallel systems Distributed systems 7.2

  7. 7.3 COMPONENTS

  8. Figure 7-2 Components of an operating system

  9. Figure 7-3 Monoprogramming

  10. Figure 7-4 Multiprogramming

  11. Figure 7-5 Categories of multiprogramming

  12. Figure 7-6 Partitioning

  13. Figure 7-7 Paging

  14. Figure 7-8 Virtual memory

  15. State diagram with the boundaries between a program, a job, and a process Figure 7-9

  16. Figure 7-10 Job scheduler

  17. Figure 7-11 Process scheduler

  18. Figure 7-12 Queues for process management

  19. Figure 7-13 Deadlock

  20. Figure 7-14 Deadlock on a bridge

  21. Note: Deadlock occurs when the operatingsystem does not put resource restrictionson processes.

  22. Figure 7-15.a Starvation

  23. Figure 7-15.b Starvation

  24. Figure 7-15.c Starvation

  25. Figure 7-16 Dining philosophers

  26. 7.4 POPULAR OPERATING SYSTEMS: Unix; Linux; Windows

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