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A Long , Consistent Marine Surface Wind Dataset for Climate Change Analysis

WCRP Open Science Conference 2011. A Long , Consistent Marine Surface Wind Dataset for Climate Change Analysis. – Application over Tropical Indo-Pacific –. Hiroki Tokinaga & Shang-Ping Xie IPRC, Univ. of Hawaii. Introduction. Marine Surface Wind. Sea surface temperature

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A Long , Consistent Marine Surface Wind Dataset for Climate Change Analysis

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  1. WCRP Open Science Conference 2011 A Long, ConsistentMarine Surface Wind Datasetfor Climate Change Analysis – Application overTropical Indo-Pacific – Hiroki Tokinaga & Shang-Ping Xie IPRC, Univ. of Hawaii

  2. Introduction Marine Surface Wind • Sea surface temperature • Ocean circulation • Sea level height • Atmospheric convection…etc. ! Long-term wind changesare important. But… Surface wind datasets for climate change research are lacking…

  3. Introduction Wind bias due toAnemometer height increase Wind 33 m (2002) 21 m (1970) Increase in ship size

  4. Datasets Wind estimate from wind-wave height Scalar wind Wind-wave height (ms-1) (m) (10m wind speed) = a • (Wind-wave height)b + c b ~ 0.5

  5. Datasets Ship (Uncorrected) Comparison ofwind trend patternsfor recent 20 years Datasets WASWind Satellite (SSM/I)

  6. Datasets WASWind Wave andAnemometer-based Sea-surfaceWind • 4º x 4º longitude-latitude grid • Monthly meansfor 1950 – 2009 • Scalar & vector winds • Wind stress Tokinaga, H. & S.-P. Xie 2011: J. Climate, 24, 267-285 (January issue) http://iprc.soest.hawaii.edu/users/tokinaga/waswind.html

  7. Results Application forTropical Indo-Pacific Climate Changeover the past 60 years • Surface wind changes associated with Walker Circulation change • Physical consistency with changes in • SLP, total cloudiness, precipitation, ocean subsurface temperature • In-situ observations fromships&land stations Tokinaga, H., S.-P. Xie, A. Timmermann, S. McGregor, T. Ogata, H. Kubota, & Y. M. Okumura, 2011: J. Climate,in press

  8. Annual mean trend (1950–2009) Results Surface wind (uncorrected) Intensification of trade winds

  9. Annual mean trend (1950–2009) Surface wind (WASWind) Results Weakening of NE trade winds Surface wind (uncorrected) Intensification of trade winds

  10. Annual mean trend (1950–2009) Surface wind (WASWind) Results Divergence Convergence Surface wind (uncorrected) Intensification of trade winds

  11. Annual mean trend (1950–2009) Surface wind (WASWind) Results Divergence Convergence SLP

  12. Annual mean trend (1950–2009) Surface wind (WASWind) Results Divergence Convergence Cloudiness

  13. Annual mean trend (1950–2009) Surface wind (WASWind) Results Divergence Maritime Continent precipitation anomaly Cloudiness Rain gauges

  14. Annual mean trend (1950–2009) Surface wind (WASWind) Results Easterly Westerly Cloudiness

  15. Annual mean trend (1950–2009) Surface wind (WASWind) Results Easterly Western TIO Eastern TIO Warming Cooling Subsurface temp. trendin thetropical Indian Ocean (Bias-corrected XBT, 1963–2009)

  16. Annual mean trend (1950–2009) Surface wind (WASWind) Results Westerly Western TP Eastern TP Warming Cooling Subsurface temp. trendin thetropical Pacific (Bias-corrected XBT, 1963–2009)

  17. Summary Summary • A new surface wind product, WASWind, was constructed for climate change analysis • WASWind indicates an eastward shift of the Walker Circulation over the past 60 years • Patterns of surface wind change are consistent with those of cloudiness, SLP, precipitation andsubsurface ocean temperature

  18. Results Equatorial zonal wind trend (4ºS–4ºN, 1950–2009) Pacific Indian Ocean

  19. Results Cloud & Precip. trends over Maritime Continent (80º-150ºE, 20ºS-20ºN, 1950–2009) Cloudiness (Ocean) Precipitation (Land) Consistent withsurface divergence trend

  20. Introduction Upward wind trends? Scalar wind trend (Ships, 1950-2008) +1.8ms-1/ 59yr

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