Art Styles

1. Art Styles AP European History

3. Italian Renaissance (1300-1500) • Themes: Individualism, worldly experience • Characteristics: classicalism, perspective, mannerism, human figures, and myths • Areas of Influence: Venice & Florence • Artists: Michelangelo, Da Vinci, Raphael, Titian, Bellini, Brunelleschi • Word Association: “man is the measure,” secular, individual Michelangelo’s David

4. Boticelli’sThe Birth of Venus

5. El Greco’s Toledo Epitomized mannerism style (instability, unrealistic)

6. Northern Renaissance (1300-1500) • Themes: Salvation and religious piety • Characteristics: religious figures, symbolism and realistic figures • Areas of influence: Flanders and Northern Europe • Artists: Durer, Bosch, Van Eyck, Brueghel, Grunewald, Holbein • Word association: religious, Christian Humanism Van Eyck’s Portrait of Arnolfini

7. Campin’sChrist and the Virgin

8. Baroque (1545-1715) • Themes: “Return” to the Catholic Church and the power of monarchs • Characteristics: mystery, dramatization, bold, exaggerated motion • Areas of Influence: Spain, Rome, Middle-class Dutch • Artists: Caravaggio, Bernini, Bruegel, Bosch, Velasquez • Word Association: “sexy,” Catholic Reformation, Council of Trent, monarch

9. Velázquez's Las Meninas

10. Enlightenment (1700-1800)Rococo • Themes: Extravagance & wealth • Characteristics: appeal to royals and nobles, light pastels, and ornate • Areas of Influence: France & Austria • Artists: Boucher, Fragonard & Watteau • Word Association: Frivolous, ornate, self-indulgent, soft & pastel colors Fragonard’s The Swing (1766)

11. Boucher’s Madame de Pompadour (1750)

12. Enlightenment (1700-1800):Neo-classical • Themes: Return to classical antiquity • Characteristics: Formal, imperial style & imitation of Greek & Roman art, removal of Christian focus • Areas of Influence: Mainly France • Artists: David & Ingres • Word Association: Napoleon, Greece/Rome & imperial (empire, emperor) Napoleon Crossing the Alps by Jacques-Louis David, 1800

13. Death of Marat by Jacques-Louis David, 1793

14. Romanticism: 1780s-1848 • Themes: Emotion, passion, and revolution • Characteristics: passionate, dark color and return to nature • Areas of influence: France, England and Spain • Artists: Goya, Constable, Delacroix, Turner & Gericault • Word Association: Emotional, loss of youth, mysterious, passion Gros'sNapoleon Bonaparte Visitingthe Plague-Stricken in Jaffa, 1804

15. Delacroix's Liberty Leading the People, 1830

16. Realism, mid-19th c. • Themes: Rejection of Romanticism; depiction of everyday life • Characteristics: subjects were common people and landscapes • Areas of Influence: the Dutch • Artists: Courbet, Millet, Daumier • Word Association: reality, everyday, revolution Millet’s The Gleaners (1857)

17. Impressionism, 19th century • Themes: fleeting and brief word of a first impression based on light and sudden movement • Characteristics: short, choppy, light brushstrokes and en pleinaire(outdoors) • Areas of Influence: France • Artists: Monet, Renoir, Cezanne • Word Association: vibrant, little detail, light

18. Post-Impressionism, 19th c. • Themes: Rejected limitations of impressionism • Characteristics: studied depth, more detailed than impressionism • Areas of Influence: France • Artists: Cezanne, Seurat, van Gogh • Word Association: depth, structure, pointillism (paining with small distinct dots of pure color to form an image)

19. Expressionism, early 20th c. • Themes: Indebted to Freud; analyzing psyche • Characteristics: dissonance in color and perspective, messages of anxiety • Areas of Influence: Germany, Spain, France, Russia, Norway & Holland • Artists: van Gogh, Kirchner • Word Association: anxiety, Freud, dark

20. Fauvism, Early 20th c. • Themes: Color was the main subject • Characteristics: color takes importance over lines or subjects • Areas of Influence: France, Netherlands • Artists: Matisse, some van Gogh • Word Association: COLOR

21. Cubism, 1910’s • Themes: Synthesized view of subject, relativity • Characteristics: fragmented subject, cubes • Areas of Influence: France • Artists: Picasso, Leger • Word Association: Angular, fragmentation, squares

22. Futurism, early 20th c. • Themes: Speed and power of the machine, restlessness of modern life • Characteristics: Subjects of modern life, speed • Areas of Influence: mainly Italy & Germany • Artists: Boccioni • Word Association: speed, machine, industrial, urban

23. Dadaism, 1915-1922 • Themes: focus on the absurd, reaction to WWI • Characteristics: techniques of accident and chance creating art • Areas of Influence: Switzerland, NYC, Paris, and large German cities • Artists: Duchamp, Arp & Ray • Word Association: ready-made, absurd, illogical

24. Surrealism, late 19th-20th c. • Themes: expression of the imagination of dreams, lack of reason • Characteristics: incorporated ideas of Freud & Marx • Areas of Influence: Norway, Holland, Spain, Germany, Spain, France & Russia • Artists: Dali, Delvaux • Word Association: Dreams, subconscious, illogical, out of hysteria

25. Abstract Expressionism, 20th c. • Themes: nonrepresentational, shape, line, color • Characteristics: planes, shapes & color • Areas: US, many immigrants from Europe, shift from Paris • Artists: Pollock, Kline • Word Association: Abstract, subjective interpretation

26. Pop Art, mid to late 20th c. • Themes: bitterness out of WWI, pop culture • Characteristics: Random objects, use of dry humor • Areas: US • Artists: Warhol, Odenburg, Rauschenberg • Word Association: post-war, everyday objects, iconic

27. Op Art, mid 20th c. • Themes: geometric, abstract, illusion • Characteristics: patterns, lines, checkerboard, circles • Areas: US & throughout Europe • Artists: Vasarely, Riley, Poons • Word Association: optical illusions, patterns, playing with the eye and mind

28. Photorealism, 1960s and 70s • Themes: depiction of photography, interpretation • Characteristics: painting of a photo, should look like a photograph • Areas: US & Britain • Artists: Estes, Close • Word Association: photo, everyday streets or objects