Pediatric Basic Life Support

1. Pediatric Basic Life Support

2. Objectives of the course Identify the steps in the Chain of Survival Recognize early warning signs of Infant and Child trauma Perform Infant and Child CPR Perform Infant and Child Foreign Body Airway Obstruction Techniques Practice using the Automated External Defibrillation unit

3. Cardiovascular and Respiratory Systems Review

4. HEART Size: Fist Location: Center of Chest between Sternum & Spine Pumps oxygenated blood to all parts of the body 5 qts/minute

5. 4 CHAMBERS 2 Upper Chambers & 2 Lower Chambers Upper-Small Receiving (ATRIA) Lower-Large Pumping Chambers (VENTRICLE)

6. BLOOD PATHWAY Enters right Atrium & Ventricle then into the lungs. Exit Lungs Enters Left Atrium & Ventricle & sends Oxygen to body & cells

7. Coronary Arteries Supply Heart with Blood

8. LUNGS 2 Lungs: Right (3 Lobes) & Left (2 Lobes) Bring in Air & Get Rid of Carbon Dioxide Inhaled Air = 21% Oxygen

9. Chain of Survival PREVENTION Early CPR EMS Access Advanced Life Support

10. Prevention – Prudent Heart Living Limit exposure to cigarette smoke Lower blood pressure Lower blood cholesterol levels Get exercise Control diabetes Eliminate obesity

11. Prevention - Motor Vehicle Safety Air bags Safety seats Safety belts Setting an example Pedestrian safety Bicycle and tricycle safety

12. Prevention – General Indoor Safety Emergency telephone numbers Fires (smoke detectors, escape plans, fire extinguishers, fire prevention) Scalding burns Contact burns Electrical injuries Firearm injuries

13. Prevention – Children’s Room Safety Crib injuries and falls The “hands-on” rule Crib injuries Falls on stairways Falls from windows Other areas where falls commonly occur

14. Prevention - Poisoning Poisonous household products Poison information Syrup of Ipecac Safe Storage Practice safety Poisonous plants Lead poisoning

15. Prevention - Indoor Safety Information continued Safety in the playroom Appropriate toys Toy chests Choking and suffocation Common objects cause choking and suffocation Make the environment as safe as possible Mealtime

16. Prevention – Bathroom Safety Drowning Falls Electrical injuries Cuts

17. Prevention - Outdoor Safety Information Drowning Swimming pool/hot tub safety Boat and dock safety General outdoor safety Playground safety Sports (kites, air guns, roller blades, sledding) Fireworks Animal bites

18. Chain of Survival Prevention EARLY CPR EMS Access Advanced Life Support

19. ABC’s of CPR Airway Breathing Circulation

20. Airway

21. Types of Obstructions Partial Person is able to speak, cough, breath, or wheeze Encourage person to cough Complete Person is unable to speak or cough May give the universal choking sign Can start Heimlich Maneuver

22. Conscious Infant FBAO Identify complete obstruction Deliver 5 back blows, then 5 chest thrusts Repeat until foreign body is expelled or victim loses consciousness

23. Unconscious Infant FBAO Determine unresponsiveness Call for help Position the victim Open the airway Determine breathlessness Attempt to ventilate (it will be obstructed) Reposition head and try to ventilate again (still obstructed)

24. Unconscious Infant FBAO continued Activate the EMS (second rescuer) Deliver 5 back blows and 5 chest thrusts Check for foreign body Tongue-jaw lift Look into throat Remove object if seen Open the airway Attempt to ventilate (obstructed)

25. Unconscious Infant FBAO continued Reattempt to ventilate Repeat steps until successful Activate EMS system after approximately 1 minute (single rescuer)

26. Conscious Child FBAO Identify complete obstruction Perform abdominal thrusts until foreign body is expelled or victim loses consciousness

27. Unconscious Child FBAO Determine unresponsiveness Call for help Position victim Open the airway Determine breathlessness Attempt to ventilate (it will be obstructed) Reposition head and try to ventilate again (still obstructed)

28. Unconscious Child FBAO continued Activate the EMS (second rescuer) Perform up to 5 abdominal thrusts Check for foreign body Tongue-jaw lift Look into throat Remove object if seen Open the airway Attempt to ventilate (obstructed)

29. Unconscious Child FBAO continued Reattempt to ventilate Repeat steps until successful Activate EMS system after approximately 1 minute (single rescuer)

30. Breathing

31. Breathing - Infant Give 2 rescue breaths over mouth and nose 1-1 ½ seconds per breath Observe the rise of the chest with each breath

32. Breathing - Child Give 2 rescue breaths over mouth with nose pinched 1-1 ½ seconds per breath Observe the rise of the chest with each breath

33. Circulation

34. Circulation - Infant Check for brachial pulse If absent, begin compressions 2 fingers on the sternum below the nipple line Compress chest down ½ - 1 inch Give 30 compressions

35. Circulation - Child Check for carotid pulse If absent, begin compressions Heal of hand on lower half of the sternum (not the xiphoid Compress chest down 1 - 1 ½ inches Give 30 compressions

36. CPR - Infant Open airway – look, listen, and feel Make a seal over mouth and nose 2 Rescue breaths Check circulation Compressions: 2 fingers ½ - 1 inch 30 Compressions to 2 breaths After 20 cycles of 30:2 reasses Activate EMS

37. CPR - Child Open airway – look, listen, and feel Pinch nose make a seal over mouth 2 Rescue breaths Check circulation Compressions: heel of hand 1 – 1 ½ inches 30 Compressions to 2 breaths After 20 cycles of 30:2 reasses Activate EMS

38. Chain of Survival Prevention Early CPR EMS ACCESS Advanced Life Support

39. EMS Access The sooner EMS is activated, the sooner help will arrive If alone, activate EMS after approximately 1 minute If someone else is available, activate EMS as soon as unresponsiveness is determined

40. Chain of Survival Prevention Early CPR EMS Access ADVANCED LIFE SUPPORT

41. Automated External Defibrillation (AED) Delivers electrical shocks to heart in attempt to restart it Can be found all over – more common Follow directions on AED and those given by the AED

42. Stopping CPR Person is resuscitated EMS arrives Rescuer is physically exhausted and cannot continue

43. Good Samaritan Law Chance of lawsuit is low IF: Do what you are taught Keep certification up to date Acting in “Good Faith” and not willfully being negligent No lawsuit if you are performing CPR to the best of your ability Note: Many people will still die with CPR, you are reducing their chance of death not eliminating it

44. Pediatric Basic Life Support