Historical and Biographical Approaches

1. Historical and Biographical Approaches Mark Twain House from 1871-1891 in Hartford Mark Twain’s Huckleberry Finn

2. Historical and cultural background of Huckleberry Finn Jim Bowie, a hero of the Battle of the Alamo and a legendary adventurer. • This was part of frontier America in the 1840 and 1850s, a violent and bloody time. It was the era of Jim Bowie, of gunslingers like Jack Slade, of Indian fighters like Dave Crockett and Sam Houston. Sam Houston, General, Statesman, Military Hero, and President of the Republic of Texas

3. Characters and events in Huckleberry Finn are based upon actual happenings and persons The shooting of Old Boggs by Colonel Sherburn is drawn from the killing of one “Uncle Sam” Smarr by William Owsley on the streets of Hannibal on January 24, 1845. Hannibal, Missouri. Mark Twain’s hometown,

4. The Adventure of Huck Finn (1993), Elija Wood as Huck and Courtney B. Vance as Jim. During the summer of 1847 Benson Blankenship, older brother of the prototype Huck, secretly aided a runaway slave by taking food to him at his hideout on an island across the river from Hannibal. Benson resolutely refused to be enticed into betraying the man for the reward offered for his capture.

5. This is undoubtedly the historical source of Huck’s loyalty to Jim that finally resulted in his electing to “go to Hell” in defiance of law, society, and religion rather than turn in his friend. Adventures of Huckleberry Finn (1985)

6. The performance of the “Royal Nonesuch” in Bricksville, Arkansas, where the King prances about the stage on all fours as the “cameleopard” was based on some of the bowdier male entertainments of the old Southwest. "To preach before a king you got to have lots of style goin' on."

7. The detailed description of the Grangerford house with its implied yet hilarious assessment of the nineteenth-century culture may be traced to a chapter from Life on the Mississippi entitled “The House Beautiful.” The cover of Life on the Mississippi, written by Mark Twain.

8. Mark Twain’s vast knowledge of Negro superstitions was acquired from slaves in Hannibal, and on the farm of his uncle, John Quarles, prototype of Silas Phelps. Jim is modeled after Uncle Dan’l, a slave on the Quarles place. Picture of Mark Twain

9. Huck was in real life Tom Blankenship, a boyhood chum of Twain’s who possessed most of the trait Twain gave him as a fictional character. Illustration of Huck from Huckleberry Finn

10. Although young Blankenship’s real-life father was ornery enough, Twain modeled Huck’s father on another Hannibal citizen, Jimmy Finn, the town drunk. Towns of any size in Huckleberry Finn contain the industrious, respectable, conforming bourgeoisie.

11. Like Canterbury Tales, where Dryden found “God’s plenty,” Huckleberry Finn gives its readers a portrait gallery of the times. Scarcely a class is omitted.

12. Related Sources about Mark Twain • Budd, Louis J, ed. Critical Essays on Mark Twain, 1910-1980. Boston: G.K. Hall, 1983. • Sundquist, Eric J, ed. Mark Twain: a Collection of Critical Essays. N.J: Prentice Hall,1994. • Anderson, Frederick, ed. Mark Twain: the Critical Heritage. London: Routledge,1997. • Bloom, Harold, ed. and Intro. Mark Twain's Adventures of Huckleberry Finn. New York :Chelsea House P,1986.