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Medieval Feudalism

Medieval Feudalism. Invasions, 800s-900s. Vikings, Muslim, Magyars Destroyed Carolingian Empire Results? Chaos Further decline of population, trade and agricultural production Strong prey on the weak Lords (i.e., the strong) began carving up the land among themselves. Birth.

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Medieval Feudalism

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  1. Medieval Feudalism

  2. Invasions, 800s-900s • Vikings, Muslim, Magyars • Destroyed Carolingian Empire • Results? • Chaos • Further decline of population, trade and agricultural production • Strong prey on the weak • Lords (i.e., the strong) began carving up the land among themselves

  3. Birth • Europeans scared, in constant danger • Offered their only resource—their labor—to the local lord • In return, the lord provided them protection • Over time, this relationship solidified into a governing system

  4. Definition of Feudalism • Decentralized system of governing and landholding • Based on elaborate system of obligations and loyalties between lords and vassals • Existed by 1000 C.E.

  5. Lord • Gave • Land • Received • Loyalty • Military service • Controlled only as much land as he and warriors can personally defend • Feudalism provided him with army of vassals to do it

  6. Vassal • Gave • Oath of loyalty • 40 days of military service • Retinue of soldiers • Received • Portion of lord’s land to house, clothe, feed, defend himself

  7. Fief • LAND a lord gives his vassal • Vassal defends and rules fief in lord’s name • Fiefs became hereditary (still technically lord’s property) • Vassals built castles where they lived and defended fief

  8. Feudalism’s Complexities • Every lord was a vassal • SUBINFEUDATION • Vassals divided up their fiefs into smaller fiefs • Give them to vassals of their own • Creates the retinue of soldiers his lord requires • Vassals could hold numerous fiefs, from different lords (supposedly had a LIEGE LORD) • Vassals could and did switch allegiances, fought against lords • Kingmostly a fancy title • System created private armies all over Europe

  9. Rollo’s Fief Realm of Lord Charles The Slow Fief Charles’ Personal Land Fief Fief Fief Oddo’s Fief Paul’s Fief

  10. God King Lord Lord Vassal Vassal Vassal Vassal Vassal Vassal

  11. Manorialism • Medieval economic system • Fiefs supported lords, vassals, serfs (everyone) • Manors located on fiefs (several manors on a fief) • Manors self-contained and self-sufficientprovided everything lords and serfs needed • Manor House/Castle • Village (houses, bakery, mill, blacksmith, church) • Farmland • Serfs (15-30 families)

  12. A Medieval Manor

  13. 3 Orders of the High Middle Ages Those Who Fight 5-10% Those Who Pray 5-10% Burghers? Those Who Work 80-90%

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