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The w ind. Dr. Péter Kádár Óbuda University, Power System Department , Hungary kadar.peter@kvk . uni-obuda.hu. Draft. Wind basics Drivers of the wind energy application The energy of the wind Dynamic simulation Wind forecast. The wind… … forms the surface. The wind… … blows our hair.
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The wind Dr. Péter Kádár Óbuda University, Power System Department, Hungary kadar.peter@kvk.uni-obuda.hu
Draft • Wind basics • Drivers of the wind energy application • The energy of the wind • Dynamic simulation • Wind forecast Wind basics - Patra, 2012
The wind… …forms the surface Wind basics - Patra, 2012
The wind… …blows our hair Wind basics - Patra, 2012
The wind… …brakes the signes Wind basics - Patra, 2012
The wind… …moves the sailboats Wind basics - Patra, 2012
The wind… … destroys the forests Wind basics - Patra, 2012
The wind… … forwards the snow Wind basics - Patra, 2012
The wind… … blows the flag Wind basics - Patra, 2012
The wind… … lifts our kite Wind basics - Patra, 2012
The wind… … dries our cloths Wind basics - Patra, 2012
And the wind… …bends the trees Wind basics - Patra, 2012
And the wind… …turns our propeller Wind basics - Patra, 2012
…butnobodycanseeit! Wind basics - Patra, 2012
Windrose Wind basics - Patra, 2012
Windrose Wind basics - Patra, 2012
Wind turbine and measurement system anemometer Wind basics - Patra, 2012
Measurements Wind basics - Patra, 2012
Simple windrose Wind basics - Patra, 2012
Speed-Weighted windrose • Direction? • Average speed? • Energy? Wind basics - Patra, 2012
Main winter directions Wind basics - Patra, 2012
Main yearly directions Wind basics - Patra, 2012
Wind (speed) map for 10 m heights Wind basics - Patra, 2012
Wind (speed) map for 75 m height Wind basics - Patra, 2012
Daily wind course in diff. heights Wind basics - Patra, 2012
Upscaling • Measurements or calculations on different heights • Upscaling – continuous formula to define the windspeed in other heights • e.g. Hellmann equation Wind basics - Patra, 2012
Local wind profile Wind basics - Patra, 2012
Global windforecast services Wind basics - Patra, 2012
www.met.hu Wind basics - Patra, 2012
On-line: http://www.idokep.hu Wind basics - Patra, 2012
Historical data(http://www.met.hu/megfigyelesek/index.php?v=Budapest) Wind basics - Patra, 2012
Global models • Supercomputing • 27 km -> 2,5 km cubes • Differential equations system • But • Differentmeasurementpoints • Differentapplicationpoints Forecast Application measurement Terrestrialforms Wind basics - Patra, 2012
Professional services • Numerical weather forecasts • Horizontal and vertical interpolation • Wind Atlas Analysis and Application Program + PARK modell • Statistical elements • Meteorological models (e.g. ALADIN, MEANDER), other sources (ECMWF, MM5, HIRLAM, stb.) • Result presentation by heights or by isobar? Wind basics - Patra, 2012
Statistical approach Wind basics - Patra, 2012
Weibulldistribution Wind basics - Patra, 2012
Local direction changes Wind basics - Patra, 2012
Local speed changes Speed changes + direction changes = turbulence Wind basics - Patra, 2012
Turbulencies Wind basics - Patra, 2012
Local windspeed tower measurements in a wind park, during 4 min, in the range 6-10 m/s(data from: Mov-R H1 SzélerőműKft., Hungary) Wind basics - Patra, 2012
Local windspeed tower measurements in a wind park, during 4 min, in the range 3-6 m/s(data from: Mov-R H1 SzélerőműKft., Hungary) Wind basics - Patra, 2012
Local windspeed tower measurements in a wind park, during 4 min, over 10 m/s(data from: Mov-R H1 SzélerőműKft., Hungary) Wind basics - Patra, 2012
Spread over of the wind energy application Wind basics - Patra, 2012
Fig.Global cumulative installed wind capacity 1996-2010 Global Wind Energy Council 2010 (GWEC) Wind basics - Patra, 2012 MW
Windpower capacity in Europe, 2006, MW MW Wind basics - Patra, 2012 Forrás: www.ewea.org
Wind energy application in Europe Wind basics - Patra, 2012 EWEA, 2010
Yearly built in wind capacities in Europe 2009 9581MWonshore 582MW offshore Wind basics - Patra, 2012 EWEA, 2010
Repowering Wind basics - Patra, 2012
Some drivers of the windenergy business • Growing demand for electricity • EU directives • Subventions • Sustainability • Reduction of CO2 emisson • Green investment boom (ROI 4-5 years) • Employment, etc. Wind basics - Patra, 2012
Catching the wind energy Wind basics - Patra, 2012
Simpleenergymodells • Tubemodel • v - speed, V - volumedonotchanges • P – pressure, T – temperaturedecreeases 2. Decceleratingmass v - speed, V - volumedecreases P – pressure, T – temperaturedonotchanges Reality: v, V, P, T - changes Wind basics - Patra, 2012
