Tutorial 1 – Basic BPMN and SIGs

1. Tutorial 1 – Basic BPMN and SIGs RJ Macasaet R&D Dept.

2. Outline • Basic BPMN symbols • Sample BPMN diagram • Basic SIGs symbols • Sample SIGs diagram • Sample BPMN and SIGs diagram together

3. Learn basic BPMN symbols Basic BPMN

4. I. Basic BPMN constructors • The sequence flow defines the execution order of the activities default flow – if all other conditions are false conditional flow – used if the condition holds true

5. I. Basic BPMN constructors • Start event and end event – where flows begin and end. start end

6. I. Basic BPMN constructors • An activity task is a unit of work and is the job to be performed. When marked with a symbol it indicates a Sub-Process, an activity that can be refined. + activity activity +

7. I. Basic BPMN constructors • A data object represents information flowing through a process such as a document, email, or letter • A data store is a place where the process can read or write data such as a database or a filing cabinet. It exists even outside the whole process

8. I. Basic BPMN constructors • Pools and lanes represent responsibilities for activities in a process. A pool/lane may be an organization, a role, or a system. Lanes further subdivide pools or other lanes hierarchically. Pool 1 Activity 1 Lane 2 start end Activity 2 Activity 3 Lane 1

9. I. Basic BPMN constructors - Gateways • Exclusive Gateway - When splitting, it routes the sequence flow to exactly one of the outgoing branches. When merging, it awaits one incoming branch to complete before triggering the outgoing flow. X or

10. I. Basic BPMN constructors - Gateways • Inclusive Gateway - When splitting, one or more branches are activated. All active incoming branches must complete before merging.

11. I. Basic BPMN constructors - Gateways • Parallel Gateway - When used to split the sequence flow, all outgoing branches are activated simultaneously. When merging, parallel branches wait for all incoming branches to complete before triggering the outgoing flow +

12. I. Basic BPMN constructors - Gateways • Event-based gateway - is always followed by catching events or receiving tasks. Sequence flow is routed to the subsequent event/task which happens first

13. I. Basic BPMN constructors - Gateways • Complex gateway - Complex merging and branching behavior that is not captured by other gateways +

14. II. BPMN Sample Diagram • Exercise: Can you explain the following diagram? end 1 Activity 1 Activity 3 Person C start Activity 2 Activity 4 Person B + end 2 Activity 5 Person A

15. Learn basic SIGs symbols Basic SIGs

16. III. Basic SIGs Symbols • A non-functional requirement (NFR) softgoal • An operationalizing method (cloud in bold)

17. III. Basic SIGs Symbols - Interdependency • Direct “explicit” relationship (of softgoals) • Indirect “implicit” relationship, correlation

18. III. Basic SIGs Symbols - Interdependency • the following symbols are added to the arrows to further define the interdependencies ++ + - -- and appears, for example, as the arrow below +

19. III. Basic SIGs Symbols - Interdependency • “to satisfice” means to be good enough • when one positive “+” symbol is added to an arrow, this indicates that there is “help” or some “weak positive contribution” that helps satisfice a softgoal but does not satisfice it just by itself +

20. III. Basic SIGs Symbols - Interdependency • when two positive “++” symbols are added to an arrow, this indicates that there is a “make” or some “strong positive contribution” that can satisfice a softgoal by itself ++

21. III. Basic SIGs Symbols - Interdependency • when one negative “-” symbol is added to an arrow, this indicates that there is a “hurt” or some “weak negative contribution” that hampers the achievement of a softgoal but does NOT by itself, prevent satisficing the softgoal -

22. III. Basic SIGs Symbols - Interdependency • when two negative “--” symbols are added to an arrow, this indicates that there is a “break” or some “strong negative contribution” that by itself, prevents the achievement of the softgoal --

23. III. Basic SIGs Symbols • Other important symbols Accepted – softgoal is fulfilled (or chosen to be implemented) Rejected/Denied – softgoal can not be realized (or is chosen NOT to be implemented) ! Critical – an important softgoal and/or – used to group (sub) softgoals X and or

24. IV. Custom Operationalizing Methods • Operationalizing methods (clouds in bold) can be further specified with custom symbols and labels Fast Workstation {measurement: CPU speed}

25. V. Sample SIGs Diagram • Exercise: Can you explain the following diagram? Ability A Ability C Ability B - ! Operation E ++ Operation D

26. Learn how to illustrate BPMN and SIGs together BPMN + SIgs

27. V. Sample BPMN + SIGs together • The following symbol is used to link an operationalizing method (from SIGs) to a business process activity task (from BPMN) and is referred to as an “operationalization target link” • For now, we can link BPMN and SIGs with this symbol. In tutorial 3 - component representation, we discuss further refinements to this symbol

28. V. Sample BPMN + SIGs together • Exercise: Can you explain the following diagram? Responsiveness [system] Process: Customer selects products online Start Responsiveness [hardware] Customer logs on to the online shopping website Responsiveness [internet] + Workstation {cpu speed} Customer browses for product(s) + Printer {print speed} Customer places the product(s) in the shopping cart ++ Provide Internet {bandwidth} End

29. Questions?email: rjmacasaet@pentathlonsystems.com