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RNA interference:. Kill the messenger!. Discovery. inject worms with dsRNA corresponding to a gene involved in wiggling ( unc-22 ). conclusion: dsRNA triggers potent and specific gene silencing. P. 21 nt long, dsRNA:. P. Biochemistry to Examine Structure. short interfering RNA: siRNA.
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RNA interference: Kill the messenger!
Discovery inject worms with dsRNA corresponding to a gene involved in wiggling (unc-22) conclusion: dsRNA triggers potent and specific gene silencing
P 21 nt long, dsRNA: P Biochemistry to Examine Structure short interfering RNA: siRNA
Mix cell extract with dsRNA RNase III endonuclease 21-mer Berstein et al.Nature (2001) Dicer generates siRNAs
dsRNA siRNA RISC cap cap mRNA mRNA AAAA AAAA RNA interference (RNAi) Dicer
short RNAs identified in plants RNAi shown in vitro siRNAs identified Dicer identified genome-wide RNAi screens begin RNAi used against HIV Timeline 1990 cosuppression of purple color in plants dsRNA injection in worms 1998 1999 RISC activity partially purified 2000 2001 2002
Big Potential for Small RNAs Adapted from Ryther et.al. Gene Therapy (2005)
S2 Drosophila cells spread on coated glass surface via lamellipodia