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Transnational Wildlife Crimes in North-eastern Viet Nam

Transnational Wildlife Crimes in North-eastern Viet Nam. Wildlife Conservation Society – Vietnam March 2013. 63% of all recorded cross-border trade with Guangxi (ADB 2008) 95% wildlife traded to China (Song 2003). >60 river/sea ports. 1 Intl border crossing.

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Transnational Wildlife Crimes in North-eastern Viet Nam

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  1. Transnational Wildlife Crimes in North-eastern Viet Nam Wildlife Conservation Society – Vietnam March 2013

  2. 63% of all recorded cross-border trade with Guangxi (ADB 2008) 95% wildlife traded to China (Song 2003) >60 river/sea ports 1 Intl border crossing

  3. A major route for reptile trade flows from Southeast Asia Average of two shipments/month of 1200-5700 individuals/shipment Sourced from Lao, Cambodia, Myanmar, Malaysia, Thailand Imported through a number of border gates: Cha Lo, Nam Can, Nam Can, Cau Treo, and Ka Tum 2 Lao companies, 5 Vietnamese companies and 2 Chinese companies`

  4. A major route for illegal ivory trade flows from Africa Over 800kg 100-800kg Less 100kg Thai Binh

  5. Wildlife criminals are Driving species extinct across our planet Spreading diseases to humans Weakening the rule of law Professional, organised, cooperating internationally, innovative

  6. Monitoring cross-border vehicle traffic Surveillance at six border crossings: Bac Luan International Border Gate Ka Long and Luc Lam Customs Clearance Points ‘Vang Lay’, ‘Co Ngong’, ‘Km1’ Smuggling points All vehicles by hour and vehicle type counted Four trips of non-stop 36-hour surveillance sessions 33,703 two-way shipments counted Bac Luan International Border Gate: 760, 2% Ka Long/Luc Lam Customs clearance points: 7472, 22% Vang Lay’, ‘Co Ngong’, ‘Km1’ Smuggling points: 25,471, 76%

  7. An average day of Mong Cai cross-border traffic Bac Luan International Border Gate: 152 shipments Ka Long/Luc Lam Customs clearance points: 970 shipments Vang Lay’, ‘Co Ngong’, ‘Km1’ Smuggling points: 3,606 shipments

  8. ‘Unofficial crossing fee’ $10-20/shipment= Average $18,000-$36,000/day to border officials Minimum customs fee $10/shipment: Loss of $18,000/day to state budget Minimum criminal fine $100: Observed $1.3 million lost in potential fines

  9. The impact of ‘Crackdowns’ on smuggling routes 33 man days of surveillance: Chinese police patrols observed 5 times in one session, no Vietnamese police patrols observed. Crackdown session: 3012 vehicles counted Average session: 2842 vehicles

  10. The response of governments and civil society has improved in recent years… …but remains insufficient Professional, organised, cooperating internationally, innovative

  11. Challenges Insufficient priority given to the enforcement of wildlife protection laws (and smuggling) by top-level government and Party leaders. Weak capacity among law enforcement agencies for effective enforcement Limited levels of international cooperation to dismantle wildlife crime networks Ineffective punishments that do not wildlife criminals. Widespread corruption of authorities tasked with preventing illegal wildlife trade. Demand for wildlife products in Viet Nam remains high

  12. Launch a sustained campaign to prevent corruption of border officials Multi-agency investigation into corruption of government Punish, name and shame any official found taking bribes Reward public reporting of corruption Strengthen anti-smuggling law enforcement effectiveness along the border Increase frequency of multi-agency patrols on river Advanced criminal investigations to catch criminal brokers Multi-agency monitoring systems for law enforcement and transnational crimes Mitigate threat of trade facilitation measures through GMS Cross Border Transport Agreement Amend the GMS CBTA to include (i) a specific annex on Environmental Crimes and (ii) an Annex on anti-corruption and (iii) establish a sub-committee on Environmental Crimes  Provide technical assistance to the development of CBTA implementation manuals that contain key information on wildlife trafficking

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