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Transition Metal Complexes

Transition Metal Complexes. Ligands. Atom, ion or molecule which can donate a pair of e - to a metal ion Ligand  Lewis base  Nucleophile Halides F - Cl - Br - I - Hydroxide OH - Cyanide CN - Water H 2 O Ammonia NH 3. monodentate (unidentate) ligands. ethane-1,2-diammine.

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Transition Metal Complexes

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  1. Transition Metal Complexes

  2. Ligands • Atom, ion or molecule which can donate a pair of e- to a metal ion • Ligand  Lewis base  Nucleophile • Halides F- Cl- Br- I- • Hydroxide OH- • Cyanide CN- • Water H2O • Ammonia NH3 monodentate (unidentate) ligands

  3. ethane-1,2-diammine (en) bidentate ligand ethanedioate (ox)

  4. ethylenediaminetetracetic acid (edta4-) hexadentate ligand

  5. co-ordination number 6 [Ni(edta)]2- octahedral

  6. Cl- H2O NH3 Increasing stability [NiCl 4]2- + 6H2O→ [Ni(H2O)6]2+ + 4Cl-

  7. H2O ox2- edta4- Increasing stability [Ni(H2O)6]2+ + 3ox→ [Ni(ox)3]4- + 6H2O [Ni(H2O)6]2+ + edta4-→ [Ni(edta)]2- + 6H2O [Ni(ox)3]4- + edta4-→ [Ni(edta)]2- + 3ox

  8. H2O ox2- edta4- Increasing stability of complex [Ni(H2O)6]2+ + 3ox→ [Ni(ox)3]4- + 6H2O [Ni(H2O)6]2+ + edta4-→ [Ni(edta)]2- + 6H2O [Ni(ox)3]4- + edta4-→ [Ni(edta)]2- + 3ox Increase in ENTROPY

  9. [Ni(edta)]2- edta “chelating ligand” Chelate “crab-like” complex Chelates are more stable as their formation results in a more +ve entropy change

  10. bidentate unidentate multidentate chelate

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