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Thermodynamics I. Homework. Solutions. Working Fluid. Pure substances Liquid Gas Properties – determine phase Property diagrams Compressed liquid Mixture of liquid & vapor Vapor. Property Diagram. Pv , Tv , & Ts useful Tv Constant pressure heating Liquid Saturated liquid
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Homework • Solutions
Working Fluid • Pure substances • Liquid • Gas • Properties – determine phase • Property diagrams • Compressed liquid • Mixture of liquid & vapor • Vapor
Property Diagram • Pv ,Tv, & Ts useful • Tv • Constant pressure heating • Liquid • Saturated liquid • Vaporization – quality • Saturated vapor • Superheated • Critical point
Property diagram • Quality definition • Tables • Pressure – saturated • Temperature – saturated • Specific volume • Internal energy • Enthalpy • Entropy • Interpolation
Property tables • Homework – fill in table
Conservation of energy • First law of thermodynamics • Q – W = E • For closed system • Q – W = KE + PE+ U
Ideal gas • Ideal gas characteristics • Ideal gas processes • Handout
Polytropic process • Expansion/compression work
Thermodynamics I • Work • F x s • Piston/cylinder • Shaft work • Heat exchanger? • Rate of doing work? • Expansion work
Process • Properties • Work & heat • Direction convention
Performance • Result/effort expended • Evaluate: degree, location? • What can be done? • Costs of improvements? • Payback?
System • Isolated • Closed • Open
Process • Isometric • Isothermal • Isobaric • Adiabatic • Polytropic
Working fluid • Pure • Property diagrams
Example • A heating furnace burns fuel oil that releases 140,000 Btu/gal of thermal energy. Furnace combustion efficiency is 92%. How much energy is available in 100 gal?