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Prof. Jean-Jacques Duby Chairman, Steering Committee

OECD Global Science Forum Study on Declining interest in science studies Preliminary Report on the Quantitative Analysis. Prof. Jean-Jacques Duby Chairman, Steering Committee. Quantitative analysis : methodology. Data from 18 countries

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Prof. Jean-Jacques Duby Chairman, Steering Committee

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  1. OECD Global Science ForumStudy onDeclining interest in science studiesPreliminary Report on the Quantitative Analysis Prof. Jean-Jacques Duby Chairman, Steering Committee

  2. Quantitative analysis: methodology • Data from 18 countries Australia, Belgium (Flanders + Wallonia), Canada, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, Korea, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Sweden, Turkey, UK, USA • Data on four educational stages • Upper secondary graduation • Entrance into tertiary education • Tertiary education graduation • PhD • Data available between 1985 and 2003

  3. Quantitative analysis: methodology • Number of students at each stage • S&T, non S&T • Disciplines within S&T Mathematics & Statistics, Physical Sciences, Life Science, Computing, Engineering • Males, Females • Nationals, non nationals • Problem of data consistency between countries • Study trends (e.g. annual changes) and ratios (e.g. M/F)

  4. Quantitative analysis • Performed by OECD Secretariat • Economic Analysis and Statistics Division, STI Directorate • Indicator and Analysis Division, Education Directorate • Global Science Forum Staff • Final results to be presented together with causes and remedies • November 14-15 OECD GSF Conference in Amsterdam

  5. Quantitative analysis: preliminary report • Status report as of May-June 2005 • Restricted to 1993-2003 period • Most recent • More exhaustive data (some country data omitted) • Considers S&T students • Tertiary education entrants, graduates, PhD • By discipline • By gender • National origin analyzed in final study • Upper secondary graduates analyzed in final study

  6. Tertiary Education S&T Entrants, Graduates and PhD • Total number of S&T students generally increasing • Ratio of S&T graduates and PhD vs. total number of students decreasing in a majority of countries • Important differences between countries

  7. Number of S&T students1993-2003 average annual change(*) (*)Computed as Mean normalized regression coefficient

  8. Percentage of S&T students1993-2003 average annual change(*) (*)Computed as Mean normalized regression coefficient

  9. S&T Entrants, Graduates, PhD by discipline • Generally increasing trends in Computer and Engineering • Sharp decreases in Mathematics and Physical Sciences • Life Science graduates and PhD increasing, potential future decline indicated by new entrants • Finer breakdown to appear in final report

  10. Number of students per discipline1993-2003 average annual change(*) (*)Computed as Mean normalized regression coefficient

  11. The Gender issue • Female ratio far below 50% • Most countries between 20% and 35% • A few countries over 35% or under 20% • Positive trend for graduates and PhD • But with a 40% “glass ceiling” projection • Less significant trend for entrants

  12. Percentage of female S&T students1993-2003 averages

  13. S&T Entrants female percentage1993-2003 annual change vs. average

  14. S&T Graduates female percentage1993-2003 annual change vs. average

  15. S&T PhD female percentage1993-2003 annual change vs. average

  16. The Gender issue by discipline • Generally more Females than Males in Life Science • Female ratio dramatically low (20% and below) in Computer and Engineering • Mathematics and Physical Sciences between 20% and 50% • Important differences between trends for different disciplines and countries

  17. Percentage of female students by discipline1993-2003 averages

  18. Percentage of female S&T Entrants by discipline1993-2003 annual change vs. average

  19. Preliminary conclusions • Decrease of percentage of S&T students • Particularly at Graduate and PhD level • Does not translate into decrease of absolute numbers (yet?) • Countries differently affected • Reasons to be analyzed in final study (demography, education system, culture, economics…) • Disciplines differently affected • Major decrease in Math and Physics • Overall increase in Computer and Engineering • Female students in minority • Except for Life Science • Particularly for Computer and Engineering

  20. To be continued at… OECD Global Science Forum CONFERENCE ON DECLINING INTEREST IN SCIENCE STUDIES AMONG YOUNG PEOPLE November 14-15, 2005 Amsterdam, Koepelkerk Convention Centre

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