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Modified Mendel

Modified Mendel. Sex Determination. Autosomes = non-sex chromosomes 22 pairs in humans Sex chromosomes = determine gender 1 pair in humans Include X and Y XX = female XY = male. Sex Linked Traits. Sex-linked trait = any trait found on the sex chromosomes

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Modified Mendel

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  1. Modified Mendel

  2. Sex Determination • Autosomes = non-sex chromosomes • 22 pairs in humans • Sex chromosomes = determine gender • 1 pair in humans • Include X and Y XX = female XY = male

  3. Sex Linked Traits • Sex-linked trait = any trait found on the sex chromosomes • Majority of sex-linked traits are found on the X chromosome • Examples: • Hemophilia • Duchenne muscular dystrophy • Fragile-X syndrome • Red-Green color blindness

  4. Sex Linked Traits Men are more likely to express sex-linked traits. Why?

  5. Sex Linked Traits Xh Y XY X XXh Xh XhXh XhY What happens if a man with hemophilia has children with a woman who carries hemophilia?

  6. Sex Linked Traits 25% carrier daughter 25% normal son 25% daughter with hemophilia 25% son with hemophilia

  7. Colorblindness Common in men, uncommon in women Test for colorblindness

  8. Multiple Alleles • Some traits have multiple alleles • Even though there are many possibilities in a population, each person only has two of them • Example: Blood type • 3 alleles • A  IA • B  IB • O i Draw a punnett square for the offspring of a mother with type AO and a Father with type AB blood types.

  9. Co-Dominance Two dominant alleles both share expression Recessive alleles still masked unless there are two of them

  10. Incomplete Dominance All alleles express rather than mask There are no dominant alleles

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