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Wellness 9

Female Reproductive System Anatomy. Wellness 9. Female Reproductive System. The female reproductive system consists of organs (internal and external) in the female body that are involved in producing offspring. The vulva refers to those parts that are outwardly visible

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Wellness 9

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  1. Female Reproductive System Anatomy Wellness 9

  2. Female Reproductive System • The female reproductive system consists of organs (internal and external) in the female body that are involved in producing offspring. • The vulva refers to those parts that are outwardly visible • The vulva includes a series of muscles/blood vessels/bone/skin folds: • Mons pubis • Labia majora • Labia minora • Clitoris • Urethral opening • Vaginal opening • Hymen • Perineum

  3. External Female Reproductive Organs

  4. Mons Pubis • The triangular mound of fatty tissue that covers the pubic bone. • Serves as a protective cushion for the internal reproductive organs. • During adolescence sex hormones trigger the growth of pubic hair on the mons pubis.

  5. Labia Majora • The labia majora enclose and protect the other external reproductive organs. • Heavy folds of skin that surround the opening of the vagina.

  6. Labia Minora • Two smaller folds of skin located within the labia majora. • The clitoris and the openings of the urethra and the vagina are located within the labia minora.

  7. Clitoris • Small, highly sensitive structure located above the opening of the urethra. • Richly supplied with blood vessels and nerve endings. • Key to sexual pleasure for most women. • Urethral opening is located directly below clitoris

  8. Vaginal Opening • The hymen is a thin membrane that stretches across the opening of the vagina. • The hymen has small openings in it. • Some females do not have a hymen. • Other females often break or tear the hymen when they ride bicycles or horses or exercise strenuously.

  9. Urethra • The urethra is a tube that conveys urine from the urinary bladder to the outside of the body.

  10. Perineum • The muscle and tissue located between the vaginal opening and anal canal. • It supports and surrounds the lower parts of the urinary and digestive tracts.

  11. Anus • The opening of the large intestine that carries waste to the outside.

  12. Internal Female Reproductive Organs • The internal organs consists of the: • Vagina • Cervix • Uterus • Fallopian Tubes • Ovaries

  13. Internal Female Reproductive Organs

  14. Vagina • The vagina connects the cervix to the external genitals. • It is located between the bladder and rectum. • It functions as: • a receptacle for the penis during love-making/sexual intercourse • a outlet for blood during menstruation • a passageway for the baby to pass through at birth.

  15. According to The Guiness Book of World Records, a Russian peasant woman who lived in the 18th Century holds the record for the most children born to one mother. She had sixty-nine children within forty years. She produced sixteen pairs of twins, seven sets of triplets, and four sets of quadruplets!

  16. Cervix • The cervix is the lowest part of the uterus that connects to the vagina. • The cervical opening to the vagina is small. • This acts as a safety precaution against foreign bodies entering the uterus. • During childbirth, the cervix dilates to accommodate the passage of the fetus. • This dilation is a sign that labor has begun.

  17. Uterus • The uterus or "womb" is a hollow, muscular organ in which a fertilized egg, called the "zygote," becomes embedded and in which the egg is nourished and allowed to develop until birth. • It lies in the pelvic cavity behind the bladder and in front of the bowel.

  18. Uterus • The uterus is lined with tissues which change during the menstrual cycle. • When the hormones withdraw after the menstrual cycle, the blood supply is cut off and the tissues and unfertilized egg are shed as waste.

  19. Endometrium • The endometrium is the membrane that lines the uterus. • It is a glandular mucous membrane, and is formed during the menstrual cycle, then expelled from the body during each menstruation. • The endometrium is what a fertilized egg attaches to upon fertilization, so it is not shed if a fertilized egg is implanted. • The endometrium also supplies blood for the fetus and allows it to receive oxygen.

  20. Fallopian Tube • Serve as a pathway for the ovum to the uterus. • The site of fertilization by the male sperm. • Often referred to as the oviducts or uterine tubes. • Fertilized egg takes approximately 6 to 10 days to travel through the fallopian tube to implant in the uterine lining.

  21. Fallopian Tube • A female has two Fallopian tubes – one connected to each ovary. • During the menstrual cycle, a mature ovum moves through a Fallopian tube to the uterus. • If fertilization occurs, it usually occurs in a Fallopian tube. • An ovum that is not fertilized either disintegrates in the uterus or leaves the body in the menstrual flow.

  22. diagram

  23. Ovaries • The ovaries are a pair of oval or almond-shaped glands which lie on either side of the uterus and just below the opening to the fallopian tubes. • In addition to producing eggs or "ova," the ovaries produce female sex hormones called estrogen and progesterone (changes lining of the uterus). • The ovaries produce a female hormone, called estrogen, and store female sex cells or "ova." • A female is born with between 200,000 and 400,000 immature ova in her ovaries. • About 375 of these ova will mature and be released in a female’s lifetime.

  24. Ovaries • During puberty, the ova begin to develop. • Each developing ova is enclosed in a small, hollow ball called a follicle. • Each month during the menstrual cycle, an ovum matures and is released from its follicle. • The follicles in the ovaries produce the female sex hormones, progesterone and estrogen • These hormones prepare the uterus for implantation of the fertilized egg

  25. Mammary Glands • The mammary glands are accessory organs of the female reproductive system that are specialized to secrete milk following pregnancy. • They are located in the subcutaneous tissue of the front thorax within the elevations which are called breasts.

  26. Mammary Glands • A mammary gland is composed of fifteen to twenty irregularly shaped lobes, each of which includes alveolar glands, and a duct (lactiferous duct) that leads to the nipple and opens to the outside.

  27. Nipples & Areolas • A "nipple" is located near the tip of each breast. • The nipple is surrounded by a circular area of pigmented skin called the "areola."

  28. Breasts

  29. Objective Questions • What is another name for the egg produced by the female reproductive system? • What is the function of the vagina? • How is an egg transported from outside the ovary to the uterus? • What structures does the vulva include? • What is the size and function of the ovaries?

  30. Videos • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xFpVy9OCI4o&feature=related • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WGJsrGmWeKE • http://www.nucleusanimationlibrary.com/animation-preview?ccat=Ob%2Fgyn&clang=English&animationid=67312 (ovulation) • http://www.nucleusanimationlibrary.com/animation-preview?ccat=Ob%2Fgyn&clang=English&animationid=68282 (breast) • http://www.nucleusanimationlibrary.com/animation-preview?ccat=Ob%2Fgyn&clang=English&animationid=75433 (labor)

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