Chapter 3

1. Chapter 3 What are the reasons?

2. 10 1. You cannot determine the worth of a conclusion until you identify the reasons. a. True b. False

3. 10 2. An argument is always a disagreement. a. True b. False

4. 10 3. Reasons could be considered “supporting details”. a. True b. False

5. 15 4. Argument = • conclusion minus offense • offense plus defense • reasons plus conclusion

6. 10 5. As a suggestion, when one bright person addresses another, each should first say • “Listen!” • “Wait!” • “Prove it!”

7. 10 6. In identifying reasons in an argument, your first question should begin with • why • who • how • what

8. 22 7. The “principle of charity” in determining reason(s). . . • is only for nice people • gives credit for a given idea or evidence even if it’s support for the conclusion is doubtful • considers the reason for the sake of fairness to the author • evaluates each reason carefully • both b and c

9. 10 8. The reasons in a(n) __________ argument are either general, prescriptive statements or descriptive beliefs or principals. • descriptive • prescriptive

10. 20 9. Reasons are often an afterthought when you use • “reverse logic” • “backward reasoning” • weak-sense critical thinking • all of the above

11. 15 10. Which of these transition words does not usually indicate a reason • because of the fact • therefore • in view of • as a result