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Chapters 1-4 Presentation Slides for Science at the Nanoscale : An Introductory Textbook by Chin Wee Shong, Sow Chorng Haur & Andrew T. S. Wee National University of Singapore ISBN: 9789814241038 Hardcover August 2009 228 pages More information at www.panstanford.com/nanotextbook.

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  1. Chapters 1-4 Presentation Slides for Science at the Nanoscale: An Introductory Textbook by Chin Wee Shong, Sow Chorng Haur & Andrew T. S. Wee National University of Singapore ISBN: 9789814241038 Hardcover August 2009 228 pages More information at www.panstanford.com/nanotextbook www.panstanford.com

  2. Chapter 1 www.panstanford.com

  3. Just how small is nano? Name Abbrev. Sci. Unit Representative objects with this size scale metre m 100 Height of a 7-year-old child. deci- dm 10−1 Size of our palm. centi- cm 10−2 Length of a bee. milli- mm 10−3 Thickness of ordinary paperclip. micro- μm 10−6 Size of typical dust particles. nano- nm 10−9 The diametre of a C60 molecule is about 1 nm. pico- pm 10−12 Radius of a Hydrogen Atom is about 23 pm. femto- fm 10−15 Size of a typical nucleus of an atom is 10 fm. atto- am 10−18 Estimated size of an electron. www.panstanford.com

  4. ZnO Nanorod (HRTEM image) Spacing between Atomic Planes ~ 0.6nm Ag2S Nanocubes ~ 40--50 nm Stingray Red Blood Cell~ 11.6 mm Housefly: Length ~ 8.5 mm 10-9 m 10-7 m 10-5 m 10-3 m 10-1 m 10-10 m 1 m 10-8 m 10-6 m 10-2 m 10-4 m Human Hair: Diameter ~ 90mm Microspheres: Diameter ~ 1.2 mm STM Image of C60 Molecular Chain Nanocrystal: Diameter ~ 16 nm Abalone Shell (Length) ~ 2 x 10-1 m Ant’s Compound Eyes ~180mm ZnO Nanorods Diameter ~ 100 nm STM image of Si(111)-(7x7) CuS Dendrites ~ 4 mm Scale of Things www.panstanford.com

  5. Scaling Down to Nanometer www.panstanford.com

  6. Chapter 2 www.panstanford.com

  7. Cantilevers Cavenagh bridge, Singapore’s oldest suspension (cantilever) bridge SEM image of an AFM cantilever www.panstanford.com

  8. Molecular Vibrations FT-IR spectrum of ethanol molecules in liquid state (Wavenumber cm−1= Hz/c) www.panstanford.com

  9. Brownian Motion www.panstanford.com

  10. Nanobot – Artist’s Impression Artist’s impression of a nanobot killing a virus www.panstanford.com

  11. Chapter 3 www.panstanford.com

  12. Blackbody Radiation www.panstanford.com

  13. One-Dimensional Potential Box www.panstanford.com

  14. Wavefunctions Wavefunctions Plots of the wavefunctions y(x) corresponding to different quantum states and the square of the wavefunction |y(x)|2 www.panstanford.com

  15. Three-Dimensional Potential Box www.panstanford.com

  16. Energy Levels in Potential Box Potential box with large dimension Potential box with small dimension www.panstanford.com

  17. Energy versus kz for quantum wire www.panstanford.com

  18. Potential Step www.panstanford.com

  19. Potential Barrier www.panstanford.com

  20. Energy levels of H, He+ and Li2+ www.panstanford.com

  21. Hydrogen Spectrum www.panstanford.com

  22. Spherical Coordinates www.panstanford.com

  23. Shapes of Angular Wavefunctions www.panstanford.com

  24. The Stern Gerlach Experiment www.panstanford.com

  25. Chapter 4 www.panstanford.com

  26. Periodic Table of Elements www.panstanford.com

  27. Unit cell for a variety of ionic salts www.panstanford.com

  28. Crystal planes Miller indices - (hkl) notations are used to denote planes that intercept at positions a/h, a/k, and a/l (or some multiples of these) of the x-, y- and z-axes respectively (100) planes (110) planes www.panstanford.com

  29. X-Ray Diffraction For constructive interference, path length difference = n n = 1, 2, 3 … www.panstanford.com

  30. XRD Analysis CdS nanocrystals Debye-Scherrer equation relates peak width W to the crystallite size D: 2 nm 3 nm (111) (220) 4 nm (311) www.panstanford.com

  31. Wave function for the interacting orbitals www.panstanford.com

  32. Effective overlap between AOs www.panstanford.com

  33. σ*(2p) σ*(2p) π*(2p) π*(2p) 2p 2p 2p 2p σ(2p) σ(2p) π(2p) π(2p) σ*(2s) σ*(2s) 2s 2s 2s 2s σ(2s) σ(2s) σ*(1s) σ*(1s) 1s 1s 1s 1s N atom N atom N atom N atom σ(1s) σ(1s) N2 N2 MO energy level diagram for N2 molecule N≡N molecule The electronic configuration of N2 is: (1s)2(*1s)2(2s)2 (*2s)2(2p)4(2p)2

  34. Formation of sp3 hybridized orbitals www.panstanford.com

  35. Van der Waals Minimum www.panstanford.com

  36. H–F····H–F Simple hydrogen bonding between two diatomic molecules Hydrogen bonding between carbonyl and amide group Hydrogen bonding between two carboxylic molecules Intramolecular hydrogen bonding within one carboxylic molecule Hydrogen Bonding www.panstanford.com

  37. H-bonding in Proteins Beta-pleated sheets Alpha-helices www.panstanford.com

  38. H-bonding in Deoxyribonucleic acid, DNA www.panstanford.com

  39. Assemblies of Supramolecules An assembly of a rotaxane An assembly of a catenane C.A.Stanier, M. J. O Connell, H. L. Anderson, W. Clegg, J. Chem. Soc. Chem. Comm., 2001, 493. M. Cesario, C. O. Dietrich-Buchecker, J. Guilhem, C. Pascard, J. P. Sauvage, J. Chem. Soc. Chem. Comm. 1985, 244. www.panstanford.com

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