Earth’s Material/Igneous Rocks

1. Earth’s Material/Igneous Rocks

2. A mineral crystal grows as atom are added to its surfaces, edges, or corners • Can form in different ways: • Precipitation from hot, water-rich fluids • Solidification from molten rock • Evaporation of water rich in dissolved salts at low temps Mineral Formation

3. Some minerals are produced from hot-water solutions containing dissolved mineral matter. (example: sugar water) As hot water cools, its atoms slow down and atoms of dissolved material are able to form chemical bonds Minerals from Hot Water

4. As magma cools, atoms slow down and begin to arrange into an orderly structure • When the temperature of magma drops well below the solidification temperature of a mineral, crystals of that particular mineral may form • When water slowly evaporates, dissolved minerals are left behind Minerals from Magma/Evaporation

5. A rock is a naturally formed mixture containing minerals, rock fragments, or volcanic glass bound together The texture of a rock describes the size, shape and arrangement of the rock’s components Igneous Rocks

6. Igneous rocks are those that form because of molten magma Intrusive igneous rocks: rocks that form within, or push into, regions of the Earth’s crust Intrusive Igneous Rock

7. As it passes through rock, Magma might cause partial melting of the rock it pushes into. As magma cools, different mineral crystalline at different temperatures. Nature of Magma

8. These rocks form in the continental crust, or oceanic crust • Igneous rocks form from different types of magma: • Granitic • Andesitic magma • Basaltic magma • These rocks are coarse-grained rocks that form from magma that cools slowly within the Earth’s crust Intrusive Igneous Rocks

9. These rocks are fine-grained rocks that form from magma that cools rapidly at Earth’s surface Extrusive and intrusive rocks formed from the same type of magma have similar compositions but different types Extrusive Igneous Rock