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Selecting a methodology

This article explores the process of selecting a methodology for research, including the role of frameworks, methods, and their implications. It discusses the different dimensions of methodology, considerations for choosing between methodologies, and the importance of aligning methods with the chosen methodology. The article also delves into the paradigms vs pragmatic approach and provides examples of qualitative methodologies.

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Selecting a methodology

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  1. Selecting a methodology Rachel H. Ellaway Community Health SciencesOffice of Health and Medical Education Scholarship

  2. The process of empiricism • Observe the world and identify phenomena for study • Describe phenomena in increasing breadth and depth • Identify relationships and differences within and between phenomena • Build models, develop theories and test them, break them, improve them • Iteratively refine models and theories to: • Explain the underlying structure/function of the phenomena • Predict how these phenomena will behave

  3. Methods and methodology • Methodology: “the research design or plan that shapes the methods to be used in the study. The methodology provides a rationale for the choice of methods used in a study” Illing 2010 • Methods: “the techniques used for data collection” questions methodology methods • Illing J. Thinking about research: frameworks, ethics and scholarship. In Swanwick(Ed). Understanding medical education: evidence, theory and practice. Oxford, UK: Wiley-Blackwell: 2010.

  4. Developing a methodology • Methodology: • Needs to be able to answer research/study questions • Should be grounded in theory and in ontological and epistemological paradigms • Practical questions • What kinds of data do you need? • How will you analyze them? • What is practical, allowable, parsimonious? • What methodologies have others used? • Do your skills and resources align with methodology?

  5. Dimensions of methodology • Overall strategy • Problems • Hypotheses • Questions • Conceptual grounding • Data collection methods • Data analysis methods • Synthesis methods • Reporting

  6. Modes of inquiry: METRICS

  7. Exemplars

  8. Methodological implications • Ontological • Exists • What kind of thing • Epistemological • What can we know • How can we know • Axiological • Beliefs and values

  9. QQ Wars • Quantitative • How much? • Qualitative • How well? • Multiple - parallel • Mixed - integrated • Many paradigms and stances … Creswell, J (2003). Research Design: Qualitative, Quantitative and Mixed Methods Approaches. Sage.

  10. Choosing between methodologies • Creswell’s ‘among 5’ qualitative methodologies: • Grounded theory • Ethnography • Phenomenology • Case study • Narrative research • Creswell J. (2013). Qualitative Inquiry & Research Design: Choosing Among Five Approaches. 3rd ed. SAGE.

  11. Paradigm vs pragmatic • Adopt/align established • Strengths • Weaknesses • Pragmatically borrow/adapt • Strengths • Weaknesses

  12. From methodologies to methods • Alignment • Logical top down and bottom up • See the separate presentation on methods

  13. Summary • Your methodology is your overall inquiry strategy • Select methods within a methodological frame • Many methodological positions • Each with strengths, weaknesses, implications

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