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1g of H atoms consists of 6.022 x 10 23 H atoms

Chapter 6 Chemical Calculation. I. The Mole (mol). 1g of H atoms consists of 6.022 x 10 23 H atoms. 1 mol H =. Avogadro’s number. 4g of He atoms consists of 6.022 x 10 23 He atoms. 1 mol He =. 16g of O atoms consists of 6.022 x 10 23 O atoms. 1 mol O =. 1 mol H 2 O =.

yvonne-lott
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1g of H atoms consists of 6.022 x 10 23 H atoms

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  1. Chapter 6Chemical Calculation I.The Mole (mol) 1g of H atoms consists of 6.022 x 1023H atoms 1 mol H = Avogadro’s number 4g of He atoms consists of 6.022 x 1023He atoms 1 mol He = 16g of O atoms consists of 6.022 x 1023O atoms 1 mol O = 1 mol H2O = 18g of H2O molecules consists of 6.022 x 1023 H2O molecules 1 mol = 6.02 x 1023 = 602,000,000,000,000,000,000,000

  2. Define Molar Mass (MW) 1.0 g H = 1 mol H Formula mass of H = 1.0 amu (formula weight) molar mass of H = 1.0g /mol or MW = 1.0 unit of MW Formula mass of H2O = 18.0 amu 1 mol H2O = 18.0g H2O molar mass of H2O = 18.0g/mol or MW = 18 CO2 MW = 12 + 2 x 16 = 44 1 mol CO2 = 44 g CO2

  3. Ca(OH)2 MW = 40 + 2 x (16 + 1) = 74 1 mole Ca(OH)2 = 74 g Ca(OH)2 C3H6O O2 (NH4)2SO4

  4. Use Avogadro’s number moles of A particles of A MW g/mole grams of A Example 1. How many moles of CaCO3 are present in 150 g of CaCO3?

  5. Use Avogadro’s number moles of A particles of A MW g/mole grams of A Example 2 How many grams of NH3 are there in 3.0 mol of NH3?

  6. Example 3. How many CH4 molecules are there in 0.20 mol CH4? Example 4. How many CH4 molecules are there in 64 g CH4?

  7. Example 5. How many O2 molecules are there in 16 g O2? Example 6. How many moles of H atoms are there in 0.20 mol H2O?

  8. Avogadro’s number Avogadro’s number particles of A moles of A subscript moles of B particles of B g/mole g/mole grams of A grams of B

  9. Avogadro’s number Avogadro’s number particles of A moles of A subscript moles of B particles of B g/mole g/mole grams of A grams of B Example 6. How many moles of H atoms are there in 0.20 mol H2O?

  10. Example 7. How many moles of O atoms are there in 41 g Ca(NO3)2? (MW= 164) Example 8. How many moles of CH4, are present in a sample that contains 2.00 moles of H atoms?

  11. Example 9. How many MOLES of oxygen atoms are present in 3.7 grams of CO2 ? Example 10 What is the mass in grams of 5.26 x 1022 molecules of CO2?

  12. Avogadro’s number Avogadro’s number particles of A moles of A subscript moles of B particles of B g/mole g/mole grams of A grams of B Example 11 How many H atoms are there in 4.0 grams of CH4?

  13. II. Chemical Reactions • A. Chemical equations • a way of representing what happened in a chemical reaction • showing the reactants and products aA + bB cC + dD reactants products Example: 2H2 + O22H2O heat When 2 H2 molecules react with one O2 molecule, 2 H2O molecules are formed. 2 mol H2 + 1 mol O2 2 mol H2O 4 mol H2 + 2 mol O2 4 mol H2O 1 mol H2 + 0.5 mol O2 1 mol H2O

  14. light CH4 + Cl2 CH3Cl + HCl Mg(s) + 2H2O( ) Mg(OH)2(s) + H2(g) liquid gas solid CaCl2(aq) + H2SO4(aq) CaSO4(s) + 2HCl(aq) CH4(g) + 2O2(g) CO2(g) + 2H2O( ) Balanced equation

  15. B. Balancing Chemical Equations

  16. C. Calculations using chemical equations coefficient Particles of B Particles of A moles of A moles of B g/mole g/mole grams of A grams of B • Example 1 Consider the reaction • 2H2 + O2 2H2O • How many moles of water would form if 2.5 mol of oxygen • were reacted? • b) How many moles of H2 would be used?

  17. coefficient Particles of B Particles of A moles of A moles of B MW g/mole g/mole MW grams of A grams of B 2H2 + O2 2H2O MW 2 32 18 c) What mass of water would produce if 8.0 g of H2 were reacted? d) How many grams of O2 would be needed to form 72 g of water?

  18. Example 2 Consider the reaction Na2S + 2HCl H2S + 2NaCl MW 78 36.5 34 58.5 • How many moles of Na2S is needed to make 3.54 mol of NaCl? • b) How many grams of H2S would produced if 1.6 mol HCl • were reacted? c) What mass of Na2S is needed to react with 146g of HCl?

  19. coefficient moles of A moles of B g/mole g/mole grams of A grams of B Example 3 2KMnO4 + 6HCl + 5H2C2O4 --> 2MnCl2 + 10CO2 + 2KCl + 8H2O MW = 90.0 74.6 How many grams of KCl would produce from 10 g H2C2O4?

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