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Chapter 3

Chapter 3. Motor Ability. Concept: A variety of abilities underlie motor skill learning and performance success. Ability and Motor Ability. Ability: general trait that is a determinant of achievement potential regarding performance of specific skills

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Chapter 3

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  1. Chapter 3 Motor Ability Concept: A variety of abilities underlie motor skill learning and performance success

  2. Ability and Motor Ability • Ability: general trait that is a determinant of achievement potential regarding performance of specific skills • Motor ability: an ability that is specifically related to the performance of a motor skill

  3. Abilities as Individual Difference Variables • Performers have differing achievement potentials across a motor skill or activity • Controversy over general versus specific motor ability

  4. Abilities as Individual Difference Variables, cont’d • Two hypotheses: • General Motor Ability Hypothesis: many different motor abilities that exist are highly related within a person and can be grouped as a singular, global motor ability (Brace, 1927; McCloy, 1934) • Specificity of Motor Ability Hypothesis: many motor abilities are relatively independent in an individual (Henry, 1961)

  5. Balance and Timing Abilities • Balance refers to maintenance of equilibrium while stationary (static) or moving (dynamic) • This becomes an example of independent motor abilities • Timing refers to external or internal sequence of movement • Specific to the requirements of a skill • Various types exist (Zelaznik et al., 2000)

  6. Identifying Motor Abilities • Taxonomy of motor abilities includes two categories: • Perceptual-motor abilities (Fleishman, 1967) • Physical proficiency abilities • Table 3.2 defines 11 perceptual motor abilities categories

  7. Physical ProficiencyAbilities • Fleishman (1967) identified nine physical proficiency abilities • They differ from perceptual-motor abilities because they are related to gross motor skill performance

  8. Static strength Dynamic strength Explosive strength Trunk strength Extent flexibility Dynamic flexibility Gross body coordination Gross body equilibrium Stamina Physical ProficiencyAbilities, cont’d

  9. Assumptions of Human Ability • All individuals possess motor abilities • Since these can be measured, it is possible to quantify each level in a person • All people differ in amount of ability • Motor abilities limit individual’s potential for achievement in motor skill performance

  10. Relating Motor Abilities to Motor Skill Performance • Ackerman (1988) described three categories: • General ability • Perceptual speed • Psychomotor ability • Figure 3.1 illustrates how motor abilities are related to motor skill performance

  11. Chapter 3 Motor Ability

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