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Chapter 8

Chapter 8. Chromosomes Cell cycle Meiosis. A single cell in the liver contains. A haploid number of chromosomes Diploid number of chromosomes All the genes of the organism Only liver genes. The diploid number of chromosomes for a human female is. 8 23 46 92.

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Chapter 8

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  1. Chapter 8 Chromosomes Cell cycle Meiosis

  2. A single cell in the liver contains • A haploid number of chromosomes • Diploid number of chromosomes • All the genes of the organism • Only liver genes

  3. The diploid number of chromosomes for a human female is • 8 • 23 • 46 • 92

  4. If a body cell of an organism contains 20 chromosomes, how many chromosomes are in an egg cell • 5 • 10 • 15 • 20 • 40

  5. In which phase do chromosomes attach to spindle fibers • Interphase • Prophase • Metaphase • Anaphase • Telophase

  6. Nuclear membrane breaks down • Interphase • Prophase • Metaphase • Anaphase • Telophase

  7. Cytoplasm divides • Interphase • Prophase • Metaphase • Anaphase • Telophase

  8. Cell growth occurs • Interphase • Prophase • Metaphase • Anaphase • Telophase

  9. Spindle fibers form • Interphase • Prophase • Metaphase • Anaphase • Telophase

  10. Nucleolus reforms • Interphase • Prophase • Metaphase • Anaphase • Telophase

  11. Chromatids begin to be pulled to opposite poles • Interphase • Prophase • Metaphase • Anaphase • Telophase

  12. Chromosomes line up at the equator • Interphase • Prophase • Metaphase • Anaphase • Telophase

  13. Centromeres divide • Interphase • Prophase • Metaphase • Anaphase • Telophase

  14. Chromatin coils tightly, shortens and thickens, and becomes visible • Interphase • Prophase • Metaphase • Anaphase • Telophase

  15. Nucleolus present during entire phase • Interphase • Prophase • Metaphase • Anaphase • Telophase

  16. Produces diploid nuclei • Mitosis only • Meiosis Only • Both mitosis and meiosis • Neither mitosis and meiosis

  17. Occurs only in sex organs • Mitosis only • Meiosis Only • Both mitosis and meiosis • Neither mitosis and meiosis

  18. DNA is replicated • Mitosis only • Meiosis Only • Both mitosis and meiosis • Neither mitosis and meiosis

  19. Produces human cells with 32 chromosomes • Mitosis only • Meiosis Only • Both mitosis and meiosis • Neither mitosis and meiosis

  20. Joining of egg and sperm is called • a daughter cell • a mother cell • a zygote • a bud

  21. At the end of Prophase 1 in meiosis 1 the chromosomes are • Not replicated • Attached to spindle fibers • Scattered throughout the cell • Arranged as a tetrad

  22. Binary fission is • A nuclear division of cells • Eukaryotic cell division • Sexual reproduction of prokaryotes • Prokaryotic cell division

  23. Interphase is • Composed of G1, G2, and G3 • Time between Meiosis 1 and Meiosis 11 • A small part of the life cycle of the cell • A time of cell growth and development

  24. Crossing over occurs during • Meiosis 1 • Mitosis • Interphase • Meiosis II

  25. Oogenesis • Produces diploid cells • Requires meiotic cell divisions • Produces 4 egg cells • Produces 1 diploid cell and 3 polar bodies

  26. Cytokinesis • Differs in animal and plant cells • Does not occur in plant cells • Immediately precedes mitosis • Is a process of nuclear division

  27. Spermatogenesis produces • 4 haploid cells • 4 diploid cells • One haploid cell and 3 polar bodies • 2 haploid cells

  28. Chromatin is • Dark stain • A dense substance inside the nuclear membrane of a non-dividing cell • 1 of 2 identical parts that make up a chromosome • The point where each chromosome is joined

  29. Every species has • A diploid number of chromosomes in the gamete cells • Blue eyes • Haploid gamete cells • A distinct number of chromosomes per cell

  30. During cell division, the DNA in a eukaryotic cell is tightly packed and coiled into structures called • Centromeres • Histones • Haploids • Chromosomes

  31. If an organism has a diploid number of 16, how many chromosomes do its sperm cells or egg cells contain? • 8 • 16 • 32 • 64

  32. The fibers that extend from centrosome to centrosome during mitosis • Polar fibers • Spindle fibers • Kinetochore fibers • Binary fission

  33. In the G0 phase, cells • Synthesize DNA • Prepare for cell division • Exit from cell cycle • Move their chromosomes to the cell equator

  34. During synapsis the • DNA in each chromosome is copied • Spindle fibers disappears • Cytoplasm divides • Chromosomes line up next to their homologoues

  35. During crossing over, portion of chromatids • Double the amount of DNA in each chromosome • Move from autosomes to sex chromosomes • Break off and attach to adjacent chromatids on the homologous chromosome • Separate from each other and move to opposite poles of the cell

  36. Meiosis II • Is preceded by the copying of DNA • Separates chromatids into opposite poles of the cell • Separates homologous chromosomes into opposite pole of the cell • Produces diploid offspring cells

  37. In which phase of meiosis do tetrads form? • Prophase I • Telophase I • Metaphase II • Anaphase II

  38. Chromosomes that are not involved in sex determination are called • Chromatids • Chromatin • Autosomes • Gametosomes

  39. The chromosomes in somatic cells always occurs in • Asters • Meiosis • Haploid number • Pairs

  40. A student can study a karyotype to learn about • Molecular structure of a chromosome • Chromosomes present in a somatic cell • Genes that are present inn a particular strand of DNA • Medical history of an individual

  41. What stage of meiosis? 1. Anaphase I 2. Anaphase II 3.Telophase I 4. Telophase II

  42. What stage of mitosis? • Prophase • Metaphase • Anaphase • Telophase

  43. What stage is this diagram in meiosis? • Metaphase I • Metaphase II • Anaphase I • AnaphaseII

  44. What stage would be next in mitosis? • Prophase • Metaphase • Anaphase • telophase

  45. What is attaching to this chromosome? • Polar fibers • Kinetochore fiber

  46. Where did these fibers come from? • Nuclear membrane • Centrosome • Ribosome • equator

  47. These cells wouldmost likely come from a • Male • female

  48. Which phase would occur next? • Metaphase I • Anaphase II • Prophase II • Metaphase II

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