Lipid Linebackers: Tackling Diabetes One Fatty Acid at a Time

1. LIPID LINEBACKERS Lipid Linebackers: Tackling Diabetes One Fatty Acid at a Time Kayla Johansen and Tiffany Sweet Introduction to Engineering and Design April 2013

2. Nanotechnology: Tiny but Mighty

3. What is it? • Molecular scale • Bottom-up • Atomic precision • Molecular manufacturing • Personal nanofactories • Richard Feynman “I want to build a billion tiny factories, models of each other, which are manufacturing simultaneously.” –Robert Feynman

4. Bottom Up Philosophy • Building up • Not cutting down • Allows for smaller items • Layer by layer • Atom by atom • Like construction of a house • 3D printer

5. Just How Small is This? • Unseen • Fingernail growth in one second • Eyelash=9,000,000 nm

6. Where’s it Being Used? • Medicine • Sunscreen • Tennis rackets • Cell phones • Frying pans • Computers • TV screens

7. Limitations Without Nanotechnology • Top-down method • Size limits • Light waves Now you can…. • Build up • Atom by atom • Smaller than microscopic

8. Nanoparticles • Less than 100 nm • Transmission electron microscope • Magnifies 1,000,000 times • Mechanochemistry • Vacuums • Comparable to enzymes

9. Problems • Bad-natured uses • Grey goo • Another “Cold War” • Disruption of economy • Damage to environment • Black market trade

10. My Definition • Revolutionary tactic • Innovative • Divergent thinking • Smaller than small • World-changing • Life-changing • Atom-based • Spin on chemistry • Build, not cut • Countless benefits • Lots of issues • Monitoring needed WOW!

11. How Could it Impact my Lifestyle? • Convenience • Cheaper computers • Better processors • Improved medicines • Improved research • Faster diagnostics • Improved health • Less pollution • Solar energy

12. Nanotechnology is on the Horizon! “The principles of physics, as far as I can see, do not speak against the possibility of maneuvering things atom by atom.” ~Richard Feynman Be Prepared for Awesomeness! “It is something, in principle, that can be done, but in practice, it has not been done because we are too big.” ~Richard Feynman

13. Diabetes: The Mount Everest of the Medical World

14. An Introduction • Type 1 or Type 2 • High glucose • Low insulin • Lots of people affected

15. Effects • Eye damage • Kidney damage • Nerve damage

16. Treatments • Type 1: 1-4 injections of insulin per day • Type 2: several insulin injections per day

17. Specific Problem for Those with Type 2 • Lipid build up • Heart malfunction • Domino effect

18. Lipid Linebackers: How Nanotechnology is Going to Tackle Diabetes One Lipid at a Time

19. Grand Challenge- Engineering Better Medicines • Personalized • Monitors individual needs • Not generalized • Prevents some major diabetes’ problems

20. Journey Through a Vein • Inserted in thigh • Travels through vein • Lodges in capillary bed in spleen • Detects oxygen • Begins detecting fatty acids

21. And Down to the Stomach… • Hops on artery • Travels to stomach and surrounding area • Deposits fatty acid • Travels back to spleen

22. The Design

23. The Design Continued

24. Design With Parts Labeled

25. The Main Body

26. The Fin

27. The Attachment

28. The Claw

29. The Latch

30. All Together Now

31. Now for Marketing • Ceramic tile • Surface area: 13.5 square centimeters • Cheap • Non-porous

32. Production Phases • Supplier: RAK Ceramics for tile and Biophan for actual nanobot • Manufacturer: Biophan • Distributor: Hospitals • No wholesaler or retailer • Consumer: Patient

33. Overall Impact • Prevents major problems • Improves health • Helps large number of people

34. “My own judgment is that the nanotechnology revolution has the potential to change America on a scale equal to, if not greater than, the computer revolution.” ~ U.S. Senator Ron Wyden

35. Works Cited • Hagberg CE (2012 Oct 18). Targeting VEGF-B as a novel treatment for insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. Retrieved from http://www.ncbl.nlm.nih.gov/m/pubmed/23023133/. • KidsHealth. (2010, August). When Blood Sugar is Too High. “KidsHealth”.org. Retrieved March 19, 2013, from m.kidshealth.org/teen/diabetes_c/basics/high_blood_sugar.html • What is nanotechnology. (n.d.). Retrieved from www.crnano.org/whatis.htm • Size of the nanoscale. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://www.nano.gov/nanotech-101/what/nano-size • Where is nanotechnology used. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://www.which.co.uk/campaigns/technology/what-you-need-to-know-about-nanotechnology/where-is-nanotechnology-used/ • Nanotechnology basics: for students and other learners. (n.d.). Retrieved from www.crnano.org/basics.htm • Hochella, M. (2007, June 14). How do we "see" and study nanoparticles in the clark fork river. Retrieved from Pulseplanet.com/sci-diaries/sd_hochella/how-do-we-see-and-study-nanoparticles-in-the-clark-fork-river/ • Nanotechnology: dangers of molecular manufacturing. (n.d.). Retrieved from www.crnano.org/dangers.htm • Nanotechnology: benefits of molecular manufacturing. (n.d.). Retrieved from www.crnano.org/benefits.htm • Maher. E. (2012, October 3). Blue light effected technology Backgrounds. PPT-Backgrounds. Retrieved April 25, 2013, from http://www.ppt-backgrounds.net/powerpoint/878-blue-light-effected-technology-backgrounds. • Maher. E. (2012, October 1). Modern Tech Effect Presentation Backgrounds. PPT-Backgrounds. Retrieved April 25, 2013, from http://www.ppt-backgrounds.net/technology/819-modern-tech-effect-presentation-backgrounds. • Rak Ceramics retains No.1 ranking as the world’s largest ceramic tile manufacturer. RAK Ceramics. Retrieved May 1, 2013, from www.rakceramics.com/pressrelease65.php# • Company Overview. Biophan Technologies, Inc. Retrieved May 1, 2013, from www.biophan.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=31&Itemid=212 • Diabetes Myths. American Diabetes Association. Retrieved May 6, 2013, from www.diabetes.org/diabetes-basics/diabetes-myths/?loc=DropDownDB-mywths • Ledbetter, C. (2013, September). Biomolecules.