1 / 21

OSU Corn Algorithm

OSU Corn Algorithm. 3H 2 + N 2 2NH 3. HABER BOSCH. (1200°C, 500 atm). MICROBIAL/PLANT SINK. GLOBAL WARMING. ATMOSPHERE. 15-40 kg/ha. N 2 O NO N 2. INDUSTRIAL FIXATION. LIGHTNING, RAINFALL. N2 FIXATION. PLANT AND ANIMAL RESIDUES. SYMBIOTIC.

zachery-valentine
Download Presentation

OSU Corn Algorithm

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. OSU Corn Algorithm

  2. 3H2 + N2 2NH3 HABER BOSCH (1200°C, 500 atm) MICROBIAL/PLANT SINK GLOBAL WARMING ATMOSPHERE 15-40 kg/ha N2O NO N2 INDUSTRIAL FIXATION LIGHTNING, RAINFALL N2 FIXATION PLANT AND ANIMAL RESIDUES SYMBIOTIC NON-SYMBIOTIC MESQUITE RHIZOBIUM ALFALFA SOYBEAN BLUE-GREEN ALGAE AZOTOBACTER CLOSTRIDIUM MATERIALS WITH N CONTENT > 1.5% (COW MANURE) MATERIALS WITH N CONTENT < 1.5% (WHEAT STRAW) FERTILIZATION 10-80 kg/ha PLANT LOSS AMINO ACIDS MICROBIAL DECOMPOSITION 0-50 kg/ha NH3 AMMONIA VOLATILIZATION IMMOBILIZATION AMINIZATION HETEROTROPHIC ORGANIC MATTER R-NH2 + ENERGY + CO2 BACTERIA (pH>6.0) FUNGI (pH<6.0) pH>7.0 R-NH2 + H2O FIXED ON EXCHANGE SITES AMMONIFICATION NH2OH IMMOBILIZATION R-OH + ENERGY + 2NH3 N2O2- Pseudomonas, Bacillus, Thiobacillus Denitrificans, and T. thioparus 2NH4+ + 2OH- MINERALIZATION + NITRIFICATION +O2 NO2- Nitrosomonas DENITRIFICATION NO3- POOL NITRIFICATION 2NO2- + H2O + 4H+ OXIDATION STATES Nitrobacter + O2 DENITRIFICATION LEACHING LEACHING VOLATILIZATION NITRIFICATION ADDITIONS NH3 AMMONIA -3 NH4+ AMMONIUM -3 N2 DIATOMIC N 0 N2O NITROUS OXIDE 1 NO NITRIC OXIDE 2 NO2- NITRITE 3 NO3- NITRATE 5 Joanne LaRuffa Wade Thomason Shannon Taylor Heather Lees Department of Plant and Soil Sciences Oklahoma State University TEMP 50°F LEACHING LEACHING LOSSES OXIDATION REACTIONS LEACHING REDUCTION REACTIONS pH 7.0 0-40 kg/ha

  3. Can Yield Potential (similar to “yield goals”) be Predicted MID-SEASON?Is it better than a preplant N decision?

  4. NDVI at F5 = INSEY Days from planting to sensing, GDD>0 Winter Wheat Units: biomass, kg/ha/day, where GDD>0

  5. Predicting Yield Potential in Corn NDVI, V8 to V10 = INSEY Days from planting to sensing CORN

  6. Long-Term Winter Wheat Grain Yields, Lahoma, OK

  7. Response to Fertilizer N, Long-Term Winter Wheat Experiment, Lahoma, OK “After the FACT” N Rate required for “MAX Yields” Ranged from 0 to 140 lbs N/ac

  8. Can RI be Predicted in Wheat?.... YES

  9. Can RI Be Predicted in Corn?... YES MullenAgronomy Journal 95:347-351 (2003)Winter Wheat

  10. Improved Prediction of Yield PotentialSuperPete to the Rescue

  11. RI-NFOAYPN=YP0 * RI YP0 YPN YPN YPMAX RI=1.5 RI=2.0 Grain yield INSEY (NDVI/days from planting to sensing) Nf = (YP0*RI) – YP0))/Ef • The mechanics of how N rates are computed are really very simple • Yield potential is predicted without N • The yield achievable with added N is #1 times the RI • Grain N uptake for #2 minus #1 = Predicted Additional N Need • Fertilizer Rate = #3/ efficiency factor (usually 0.5 to 0.7)

  12. INSEY works, but needs to be more robust • Problems: • Extremely early season prediction of yield can be overestimated • (Feekes 4, wheat) • (V6, corn) • Inability to reliably predict yield potential at early stages of growth should be accompanied by more risk averse prediction models (small slope)

  13. Combined • RI = (NDVI-N Rich Strip/NDVI-Farmer Practice) • CoefA = (0.323123*Gdd2 - 77.8* Gdd + 5406) • CoefB = -0.0003469*Gdd2 + 0.08159*Gdd - 2.73372 • YP0 = (CoefA * exp(CoefB * NDVI-FP)) • If ((NDVI-N Rich Strip/NDVI-FP)< 1.72) • RI = (NDVI-N Rich Strip/NDVI-FP)*1.69 - 0.7 • If (RI<1) RI=1 • YPN = YP0*RI; • NRate = ((YPN-YP0)*0.0239/0.6)

  14. Variable Rate TechnologyTreat Temporal and Spatial Variability Returns are higher but require larger investment

  15. Just remember boys, you can always trust SuperPete!

More Related