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Chemical Reactions

Chemical Reactions. There are five types of chemical reactions we will talk about: Synthesis reactions Decomposition reactions Single displacement reactions Double displacement reactions Combustion reactions You need to be able to identify the type of reaction. Types of Reactions.

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Chemical Reactions

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  1. Chemical Reactions

  2. There are five types of chemical reactions we will talk about: • Synthesis reactions • Decomposition reactions • Single displacement reactions • Double displacement reactions • Combustion reactions • You need to be able to identify the type of reaction Types of Reactions

  3. Synthesis reactions occur when two substances combine and form a compound. reactant + reactant  1 product • Basically: A + B  AB • Example: 2H2 + O2  2H2O • Example: C+ O2  CO2 1. Synthesis reactions

  4. Decomposition reactions occur when a compound breaks apart • 1 Reactant  Product + Product • Basically: AB  A + B • Example: 2 H2O  2H2 + O2 • Example: 2 MgO 2Mg + O2 2. Decomposition Reactions

  5. Single Replacement Reactions occur when one element replaces another in a compound. • A metal can replace a metal (+) OR a nonmetal can replace a nonmetal (-). • element + compound product + product A + BC  AC + B (if A is a metal)OR A + BC  BA + C (if A is a nonmetal) 3. Single Replacement Reactions

  6. Sodium chloride solid reacts with fluorine gas NaCl+ F2  NaF+ Cl2 • Aluminum metal reacts with copper (II) nitrate Al+ Cu(NO3)2 Cu+ Al(NO3)3 Single Replacement Reactions 2 2 3 2 3 2

  7. Double Replacement Reactions occur when a metal replaces a metal in a compound and a nonmetal replaces a nonmetal in a compound • Compound + compound  product + product • AB + CD  AD + CB 4. Double Replacement Reactions

  8. Example: AgNO3(aq) + NaCl(s)  AgCl(s) + NaNO3(aq) • Another example: K2SO4(aq) + Ba(NO3)2(aq)  KNO3(aq) + BaSO4(s) Double Replacement Reactions 2

  9. 5. Combustion Reactions • Combustion reactions occur when a substance reacts with oxygen gas. • This is also called burning!!!

  10. Combustion Reactions • In general: CxHy+ O2  CO2 + H2O • Products in combustion are ALWAYS carbon dioxide and water. • Combustion is used to heat homes and run automobiles (octane, as in gasoline, is C8H18)

  11. Example • C5H12 + O2 CO2 + H2O Combustion 8 5 6

  12. State the type and balance the following reactions: • BaCl2 + H2SO4 • C6H12 + O2  • Zn + CuSO4  • Cs + Br2  • FeCO3  Mixed Practice BaSO4 + HCl CO2 + H2O ZnSO4 + Cu CsBr FeO + CO2

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