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The basic definitions and properties of open systems

The basic definitions and properties of open systems. B asic definitions. O pen system: A system that implements sufficient open specifications or standards for interfaces , services, and supporting formats to facilitate properly engineered application software

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The basic definitions and properties of open systems

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  1. The basic definitions and properties of open systems

  2. Basicdefinitions

  3. Open system: A system that implements sufficient open specifications or standards forinterfaces, services, and supporting formats to facilitate properly engineered application software • — To be ported with minimal changes across a wide range of systems from one ormore vendors • — To interoperate with other applications on local or remote systems • — To interact with people in a style that facilitates user portability (ISO/IEC 14252: 1995)

  4. Open system environment (OSE): A comprehensive set of interfaces, services, andsupporting formats, plus user aspects for interoperability or for portability of applications, data,or people, as specified by IT standards and profiles. (ISO/IEC 14252: 1995)

  5. Applicationsoftware: Software that is specific to an application and is composed ofprograms, data, and documentation. (ISO/IEC 14252: 1995)

  6. Applicationplatform: A set of resources, including hardware and software that supportthe services on which application software will run. (ISO/IEC 14252: 1995) • The application platform provides services at its interfaces that, as much as possible, make thespecific characteristics of the platform transparent to the application software.

  7. Applicationprogram interface (API): The interface between the application softwareand the application platform across which all services are provided. (ISO/IEC 14252: 1995) • - Support for user interface; • - The organization of data processing; • - Presentation of data storage and exchange; • - Telecommunication services.

  8. Middlewaresoftware is computer software that provides services to software applications beyond those available from the operating system. • Examples: • - Database management function;- Functions to distributed data processing;- Protection of information;- Telecommunication services.

  9. Design of open IS Architecture Structure

  10. IS architecture - a description of its functions in terms of users and interfaces interact with the environment. • Term architecture usually introduced as an external view an object, irrespective of its implementation in particular to the structure.

  11. The structure of IS - decompositionof IS functions, implemented in the design process. • The structure of information systems is a collection of interacting subsystems.. IS

  12. Properties Open Systems • Interoperability • Portability • Scalability • Extensibility • Systemintegration • Highavailability

  13. Interoperability: The ability of two or more systems to exchange information and usethe information that has been exchanged mutually. (ISO/IEC 14252: 1995) • Portability(application software): The ease with which applications software anddata can be transferred from one application platform to another. (ISO/IEC 14252: 1995)

  14. Scalability: The ability to provide functionality up and down a graduated series ofapplication platforms that differ in speed and capacity. (ISO/IEC 14252: 1995)

  15. Extensibility: The ability to extend a system and the level of effort required to implement the extension. • Systemintegrationis the process of linking together different computing systems and software applications physically or functionally, to act as a coordinated whole.

  16. Systemintegration • The ability to integration at the level of systems integration - the ability to combine multiple IS for various purposes in a single integrated multi-function IS. • The ability to integration at the database level - an idea for an application or a user of multiple databases as a single logical database.

  17. Systemintegration • The ability to integration at the level of data integration - the ability to share a data file as a single file.The ability to integration at the level of application integration - the organization of interaction of application programs by exchanging messages..

  18. High availability is a system design approach and associated service implementation that ensures a prearranged level of operational performance will be met during a contractual measurement period.

  19. The advantages of using open systems strategy for developing IS

  20. The benefits to users (customers) of information systems • Saving existing investments when changing requirements forIS • Using information resources available in other systems • User-friendly interface, reducing training costs during the transition to the new version of IS • Freedom from dependence on a single supplier of hardware and software

  21. Benefits for designers ofISand system integrators • The ability to use different application platforms • Reusing shelf applications • The use of existing information resources • Easy support of "inherited" systems • Use of modern technologies and tools of analysis and IS design

  22. The benefits of the programmers • Modular organization of software systems • The use of standardized APIs • The possibility of using component technologies development • The use of team development tools for organizing labor division

  23. The benefits vendors of hardware and software • Reducing the cost of porting applications and system software to new hardware platforms • Integration capabilities of software products manufactured by other vendors • Expansion possibilities of applications and markets for manufactures and develops hardware and software platforms

  24. Example:

  25. Information system architecture (from the point of view of the user)- a description of the command system, organization interrupt the organization of memory and input-output. • Scalability - this property is an open system, which means the possibility of changing its quantitative characteristics (dimension of the task, the number of concurrent users, etc.) by configuring applications and databases, not by re-engineering and re-programming. • The ability to integrate data means that the application or the user is working with multiple databases as a single logical database.

  26. Interoperability is defined only by the standard protocols of computer networks. • "High availability" means the ability to combine multiple IS various purposes into a single integrated multi-function IS. • the ability to integrate (Systemintegration) means the possibility of combining several different IS destination in a single integrated multi-function IS.

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