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Grouping by Gender, Age, Common Interest and Class

What Principles do People Use to Organize Societies?. Besides kinship and marriage, people group themselves by gender, age, common interest, and class or social rank within a society to deal with problems not conveniently handled by marriage, the family and/or household, descent group, or kindred..

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Grouping by Gender, Age, Common Interest and Class

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    1. Grouping by Gender, Age, Common Interest and Class Chapter 11

    2. What Principles do People Use to Organize Societies? Besides kinship and marriage, people group themselves by gender, age, common interest, and class or social rank within a society to deal with problems not conveniently handled by marriage, the family and/or household, descent group, or kindred.

    3. What Is Age Grading? The formation of groups on an age basisis a widely used means of organizing people in societies, including those of Europe and North America. Examples to come In addition to age grades, some societies feature age setsformally established groups of people born during a certain time span who move through the series of age-grade categories together.

    4. What Are Common-Interest Associations? Common-interest associations are formed to deal with specific challenges or opportunities. Membership may be voluntary or compulsory. Common-interest associations have been a feature of human societies since the appearance of the first farming villages several thousand years ago. Preliminary examples?

    5. What Is Social Stratification? Stratification is the division of society into two or more social classes of people who do not share equally in basic resources, power, or prestige. Such a hierarchical social structure is characteristic of all of the worlds societies having large and heterogeneous populations with centralized political control.

    6. Grouping by Gender Separates men and women to varying degrees in different societies. In some societies, they may be together much of the time. In other societies they may spend much time apart, even to the extreme of eating and sleeping separately.

    7. Gender-based Groups Ethnographic Example Gender issues are symbolically worked out in mythologies and ceremonial dances among the Yawalapiti who live on the Tuatuari River in Brazils upper Xingu region Ownership of the sacred trumpets, are guarded by the tribesmen and traditionally women were forbidden to see them.

    8. Question A society composed of several groups that differ in their access to resources and prestige is said to be stratified. unfair. immoral. egalitarian. open.

    9. Answer: A A society composed of several groups that differ in their access to resources and prestige is said to be stratified.

    10. Question Closely associated with class and caste stratification is the phenomenon of __________ stratification. age class gender education avocation

    11. Answer: C Closely associated with class and caste stratification is the phenomenon of gender stratification.

    12. Grouping by Age Age grade An organized category of people based on age; every individual passes through a series of such categories over his or her lifetime. Age set Groups of persons simultaneously initiated into age grades at the same time and who move through the series of categories together.

    13. Age Grades A category of persons, usually of the same sex, organized by age. Some societies divide age grades into sets, which include individuals who move together through a series of life stages. A specific time is often ritually established for moving from a younger to an older age grade.

    14. Age Grouping: Tiriki Ethnographic Example from Nyanza Province, Kenya Seven named age sets pass through four successive age grades. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Us6TqBX_qEk Google Map link: http://maps.google.com/maps?f=q&source=s_q&hl=en&geocode=&q=Nyanza+Province,+Kenya&sll=-8.010276,-53.102417&sspn=1.528474,2.90863&ie=UTF8&hq=&hnear=Nyanza+Province,+Kenya&ll=-0.527336,34.453125&spn=12.324284,23.269043&t=p&z=6 Each age set embraces a 15-year span and opens to accept new initiates every 105 years. In principle, the system resembles our college classes.

    15. Age Grades Ethnographic Ex from Kenya (Serengeti area) Maasai subclans of western Kenya at the opening parade of the elaborate eunoto ceremony, marking the coming of age of morans (warriors). At the end of the ceremony, these men will be in the next age grade junior adultsready to marry and start families. Also have a 3-day initiation ceremony into an elderhood age grade: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6mByW8hsCXE (10 min)

    16. Question An age ________ is a category of people based on age (individuals pass through the categories which are identified as significant by their culture), whereas an age ________ is a group which moves through the categories together. group/grade set/group grade/group grade/set

    17. Answer: D An age grade is a category of people based on age (individuals pass through the categories which are identified as significant by their culture), whereas an age set is a group which moves through the categories together.

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