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Lt Col Mike Bonadonna USAF User Liaison HQ USAF/XOO-W

National Polar-orbiting Operational Environmental Satellite System (NPOESS) Space Environment Sensing Capabilities. Lt Col Mike Bonadonna USAF User Liaison HQ USAF/XOO-W. Overview. Meteorological Satellite (METSAT) Basics Introduction to NPOESS NPOESS SESS Capabilities. METSAT Basics.

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Lt Col Mike Bonadonna USAF User Liaison HQ USAF/XOO-W

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  1. National Polar-orbiting Operational Environmental Satellite System (NPOESS)Space Environment Sensing Capabilities Lt Col Mike Bonadonna USAF User Liaison HQ USAF/XOO-W

  2. Overview • Meteorological Satellite (METSAT) Basics • Introduction to NPOESS • NPOESS SESS Capabilities

  3. METSAT Basics

  4. METSAT Platforms Weather satellites provide assured real-time environmental situational awareness and detailed meteorological, oceanographic, and space environmental data Geosynchronous – Quick refresh and constant coverage “METSAT imagery, both from geostationary and polar-orbiting platforms, was the single most critical environmental data source during OIF. " AFW OIF Report Polar/Sun-synchronous – High resolution and global coverage

  5. Imagers provide brightness measurements at a particular wavelength(s) of light (UV, Visible, & IR) Cloud cover, Ocean color, Ground surface imagery, Auroral imaging • Sounders provide profiles of environmental parameters by measuring Infrared and Microwave radiation • Vertical Temperature, moisture, and Ozone profiles • In-situ monitors measure charged particles, electro-magnetic fields, and solar radiation at the spacecraft • Space environment and solar emanations METSAT Sensors

  6. Today’s Polar-orbiting Systems • Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP) • Currently • F-13 launched March 1995 • F-16 Launched Oct 2003 • F-17 planned Feb 2006 • Polar-orbiting Operational Environmental Satellite (POES) • Currently • NOAA-17 launched Jun 2002 • NOAA-18 launched May 2005 • NOAA N-Prime Nov 2007

  7. Today’s Polar-orbiting Systems MID-NIGHT POES N-17 2224 LTAN DMSP F-16 2008 LTAN DMSP F-13 1830 LTAN DAWN DUSK POES N-16 1424 LTAN

  8. National Polar-orbiting Operational Environmental Satellite System Introduction to NPOESS

  9. What is it? • National – Presidentially directed tri-agency program of DOD, DOC, and NASA • Polar-orbiting – satellites in sun-synchronous, low-Earth orbit for global coverage • Operational - replaces aging operational weather satellite systems (DMSP and POES) to increase capability and save money • Environmental – provides crucial imagery, temperature, moisture, climate, and space environment information • Satellite - one satellite per 1330, 1730, and 2130 orbits • System – delivers critical data to national and military weather prediction centers within 15 min of collection to support real-time situational awareness and forecast timelines

  10. METOP NPOESS NPOESS Specialized Satellites NPOESS NPOESS Mission • Provide a national, operational, polar-orbiting remote-sensing capability • Achieve National Performance Review (NPR) savings by converging DoD and NOAA satellite programs • Incorporate new technologies from NASA • Encourage International Cooperation 0530 1330 0930 Local Equatorial Crossing Time

  11. TOP LEVEL ARCHITECTURE Space-Communication-Ground SpaceSegment NPOESS1330 NPOESS1730 NPOESS2130 NPP(1030) Low Rate Data/High Rate Data(LRD/HRD) NPP Science Data Segment Command& ControlSegment Svalbard Field Terminal Segment 15 Globally DistributedReceptor Sites CLASS ADS FNMOC NAVOCEANO AFWA NESDIS/NCEP Alternate MMCat Schriever AFB Mission ManagementCenter (MMC)at Suitland Interface Data Processing Segment NOAA Comprehensive Large Array Data Stewardship System CLASS NPP Data & Control Flow ADS NPOESS Data & Control Flow NPP Archive & Distribution Seg

  12. Tomorrow’s Polar-orbiting Systems 0000 L NPOESS 2130 LTAN 1800 L 0600 L NPOESS 1730 LTAN METOP 2130 LTAN NPOES 1330 LTAN 1200 L

  13. Top Army requirement is soil moisture Top Navy requirements are Sea Surface Winds and Temperature Top NOAA requirements are vertical temperature and moisture sounding Spaceweather becoming more important for civil and military applications NPOESS Requirements • Top Air Force requirement is cloud imagery

  14. Portugal Forteleza Perth Near Real-time Data Retrieval: The Transformational Capability • NPOESS uses the “Safety Net” data delivery system to reduce latency by a factor of 4 to 5 over current systems 75% of NPOESS Data Products at the Nation’s Weather Centrals within 15 minutes........the rest in under 30 minutes 15 globally-distributed Receptors linked to the Centrals via commercial fiber-optics

  15. Data Latency: Data Products to Users in Record Time End-to-End EDR Latency 100% 90% 95% of data delivered within 28 min 80% 70% > 77% of data delivered within 15 min 60% Percent of EDR Products Delivered 50% 40% Average < 10.5 min 30% 20% Earliest Data Delivered < 2 min 10% 0% 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 Time from Observation to Delivery (minutes)

  16. NPOESS Preparatory Project (NPP) • Joint IPO-NASA Risk Reduction Demo • NPP Spacecraft contract awarded to Ball Aerospace – May 2002 • Instrument Risk Reduction – 2008 Launch • Early delivery / instrument-level test / system-level integration and test • VIIRS - Vis/IR Imager Radiometer Suite (IPO) • CrIS - Cross-track IR Sounder (IPO) • ATMS - Advanced Technology Microwave Sounder (NASA) • OMPS – Ozone Mapping and Profile Suite (IPO) • Provides lessons learned and allows time for any required modifications before NPOESS first launch • Ground System Risk Reduction • Early delivery and test of a subset of NPOESS-like ground system elements • Early User Evaluation of NPOESS data products • Provides algorithms / instrument verification and opportunities for instrument calibration / validation prior to first NPOESS launch • Allows for algorithm modification prior to first NPOESS launch • Continuity of data for NASA’s EOS Terra/Aqua/Aura missions

  17. Master Schedule Transition to NPOESS “DMSP/POES Era” DMSP + POES + METOP “NPOESS Era” NPOESS + DMSP F20 + METOP C1-C3+F20 C4-C6 FY 99 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 0530 F19 C3 C6 F17 NPOESS DMSP 0730 -1030 C4 F15 F16 F18 F20 C1 NPOESS DMSP NPOESS N17 METOP (European) POES Local Equatorial Crossing Time NPP (non- SESS 1330 N16 N18 N’ C2 C5 POES NPOESS

  18. NPOESS SESS Capabilities

  19. NPOESS role in Space Weather monitoring • NPOESS SESS sensors are part of an extensive network monitoring solar-geophysical events important to military operations: • Forecast periods of potential degraded conditions, outages, and damage for comm, nav, propagation and satellite operations • Provide ‘first look’ of general space environmental conditions when systems are degraded or damaged

  20. NPOESS SESS Requirements User Developed – IPO Executed NPOESS Integrated Operational Requirements Document IORD-II signed 14 January 2002 NPOESS Space EDRs Auroral Boundary Auroral Energy Deposition Auroral Imagery Electric Field Electron Density Profile Geomagnetic Field In-situ Plasma Fluctuations In-situ Plasma Temperature (Te & Ti) Ionospheric Scintillation Neutral Density Profile Medium Energy Charged Particles Energetic Ions Supra-thermal through Auroral Energy Particles

  21. SESS EDRs to Sensor Mapping (11 EDRs – 5 Sensors] UV Disk Imager Low Energy Paricles Sensor (LEPS) Medium Energy Particles Sensor (MEPS) Auroral Boundary Auroral Energy Deposition Neutral Density Profile Auroral Imagery Supra- thermal Through Auroral Particles Medium Energy Charged Particles Electron Density Profile High Energy Particles Sensor (HEPS) Electric Fields In-situ Plasma Fluctuations In-situ Plasma Temperature Thermal Plasma Sensor (TPS) Energetic Ions

  22. C1 2130 C2 1330 C3 1730 SENSOR UV- Disk TPS LEPS MEPS HEPS X X X X X X X X X C4 2130 C5 1330 C6 1730 SENSOR UV- Disk TPS LEPS MEPS HEPS X X X X X X X X X X X SESS Sensors Maintaining DMSP/POES Heritage Sensor allocations by orbit Low Energy Particle Sensor Heritage - SSJ5 UltraViolet Disk Imager Heritage: SSUSI Medium/High Energy Particle Sensors Heritage: MEPED Thermal Plasma Sensor Heritage: SSIES

  23. Mission SATISFACTION MATRIX Includes DMSP, POES, METOP, and SWARM • 2130 • (C1) • Orbit EDR • 1330 • (C2) • 1730 • (C3) • 2130 • (C4) • 1330 • (C5) • 1730 • (C6) C1 2130 C2 1330 C3 1730 SENSOR UV- Disk UV-Limb TPS LEPS MEPS MAG HEPS X X • Auroral Particles • Y • G • G • Y • G • G SSUSI • Auroral Energy Deposition • Y • G • G • Y • G • G SSULI X X • Electron Density Profile • Y • O • O • O • O • O SSIES X X SSJ/TED • Neutral Density Profile • Y • O • O • O • O • O X X MEPED • Energetic Ions • Y • G • R • Y • G • R SSM SWARM SWARM • Ionospheric Scintillation (P3I) • R • R • R • R • R • R X MEPED • Med. Energy Particles • Y • G • G • Y • G • G • Electric Field • Y • G • G • G • G • G C4 2130 C5 1330 C6 1730 SENSOR UV- Disk UV-Limb TPS LEPS MEPS MAG HEPS • Auroral Imagery • Y • G • G • G • G • G X X X • Auroral Boundary • G • G • G • G • G • G • G • G • G • O • O • O • Geomagnetic Field (P3I) X X X • In-Situ Plasma Temps • Y • G • G • G • G • G X X SEM-2 • In-Situ Plasma Fluctuations • Y • G • G • G • G • G X X SEM-2 SWARM SWARM SWARM X SEM-2 • Non-NPOESS Instruments (DMSP / POES / METOP/SWARM)

  24. Ionospheric Scintillationand Geomagnetic Field The Geomagnetic Field and Ionospheric Scintillation EDRs are not currently accommodated within SESS. NPOESS is working with the User community to address these EDRs: • Geomagnetic Field Mitigation Strategy: • Leverage high-accuracy magnetometer on SWARM • Provide Comm support to SWARM via NPOESS SafetyNet • Discussions between IPO and NGDC in process • Ionospheric Scintillation Mitigation Strategy: • Support C/NOFS “proof-of-principle” technology demonstration • Invest Internal Government Study funds in alternative approaches • Advocate for C/NOFS operational follow-on

  25. Ionospheric Scintillation Geomagnetic Field Neutral winds Optical background Tropospheric winds All weather day/night imagery Coastal sea surface winds Ocean wave characteristics Surf conditions Oil spill location Littoral current CH4 column CO column CO2 column Sea and lake ice Coastal ocean color Bioluminescence potential Coastal sea surface temperature Sea surface height coastal Bathymetry Vertical hydrometeor profile Salinity NPOESS Pre-Planned Product Improvements (P3I) • P3I: Validated requirements that could not be met due to program constraints or technology limitations. • NPOESS retained margin to add new capabilities to meet P3I needs. • IPO will work to find solutions to P3I to meet User needs • User Community will participate in the P3I selection process. P3I = PrePlanned Product Improvement

  26. Summary • Satellites provide vital space weather data for civil and military applications • NPOESS will provide great advances in quality, quantity, and timeliness of high resolution, relevant environmental data • Selection of specific sensors on NPOESS sensors were selected to optimize: • Satisfy the User Community to the best extent possible • Meet NPOESS program budget limitations • The IPO has begun procurement of the NPOESS SESS sensors • These data will enable NOAA and Air Force Weather personnel to improve space weather analysis and forecasts for resource protection and mission planning and execution

  27. Lt Col Mike Bonadonna Email: michael.bonadonna@noaa.gov Air Force User Liaison Phone: (301) 713-4816 Fax: (301) 427-2164 NPOESS Integrated Program Office 8455 Colesville Road, Suite 1450 Silver Spring, MD 20910 NPOESS Userport: http://meted.ucar.edu/npoess Website: http://www.ipo.noaa.gov

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