Chapter 3

1. Chapter 3 Energy and Matter in Ecosystems

2. adaptation – an inherited trait or characteristic that helps an organism survive

3. endangered species – a species, or kind of organism, close to becoming extinct

4. extinction – the death of a species American Lion Labrador Ducks Passenger Pigeon Cuban Red Macaw

5. habitat – the natural environment where an organism lives

6. niche – the role of an organism in its habitat

7. pollution – harmful substances that have been added to the environment

8. population – all the members of the same type of organism living in an ecosystem

9. predator – an animal that hunts and eats other animals

10. prey – an animal that is hunted and eaten by predators

11. symbiosis – a close, long-lasting relationship between two species Oxpeckers eat the parasites off of large animals like this African buffalo. But they're also parasites themselves, keeping wounds open and picking at scabs.

12. mutualism- when both organisms benefit, but none are harmed The clownfish benefits from the anemone’s protection. Many fish won’t go near it because of the anemone’s sting. That means the clownfish won’t be eaten. The anemone benefits because the clownfish scares away butterfly fish. They are some of the fish that actually eat anemones .Without the clownfish there, the butterfly fish would eat the anemone.

13. Parasitism- one organism benefits and the other one is harmed With ticks and head lice, the host animal can be harmed from disease or weakened.

14. Commensalism- only one organism benefits, but the other is not affected This is a cattle egret. They will follow cattle and other livestock. As cattle, horses, and other livestock graze on the field, they cause movements that stir up various insects. As the insects are stirred up, the cattle egrets following the livestock catch and feed upon them. The egrets benefit from this relationship because the livestock have helped them find their meals, while the livestock are typically unaffected by it.

15. threatened species – a species that may become endangered without protection

16. Quiz Time! adaptation, endangered species, extinction, habitat, niche, pollution, population, predator, prey, symbiosis, threatened species Which word means all the members of the same type of organism living in an ecosystem? population

17. Quiz Time! adaptation, endangered species, extinction, habitat, niche, pollution, population, predator, prey, symbiosis, threatened species Which word means a species that may become endangered without protection? threatened species

18. Quiz Time! adaptation, endangered species, extinction, habitat, niche, pollution, population, predator, prey, symbiosis, threatened species Which word means an inherited trait or characteristic that helps an organism survive? adaptation

19. Quiz Time! adaptation, endangered species, extinction, habitat, niche, pollution, population, predator, prey, symbiosis, threatened species Which word means a close, long-lasting relationship between two species? symbiosis

20. Quiz Time! adaptation, endangered species, extinction, habitat, niche, pollution, population, predator, prey, symbiosis, threatened species Which word means a species, or kind of organism, close to becoming extinct? endangered species

21. Quiz Time! adaptation, endangered species, extinction, habitat, niche, pollution, population, predator, prey, symbiosis, threatened species Which word means an animal that is hunted and eaten by predators? prey

22. Quiz Time! adaptation, endangered species, extinction, habitat, niche, pollution, population, predator, prey, symbiosis, threatened species Which word means the death of a species? extinction

23. Quiz Time! adaptation, endangered species, extinction, habitat, niche, pollution, population, predator, prey, symbiosis, threatened species Which word means the natural environment where an organism lives? habitat

24. Quiz Time! adaptation, endangered species, extinction, habitat, niche, pollution, population, predator, prey, symbiosis, threatened species Which word means an animal that hunts and eats other animals? predator

25. Quiz Time! adaptation, endangered species, extinction, habitat, niche, pollution, population, predator, prey, symbiosis, threatened species Which word means the role of an organism in its environment? niche

26. Quiz Time! adaptation, endangered species, extinction, habitat, niche, pollution, population, predator, prey, symbiosis, threatened species Which word means harmful substances that have been added to the environment? pollution