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Agents of Metamorphism

METAMORPHIC ROCKS- “MORPHED” FROM SEDIMENTARY OR IGNEOUS ROCKS. 6.3 Lecture Notes. Agents of Metamorphism. Heat causes rocks to expand & mineral bonds weaken or break. Once broken, they can form new minerals!. Effects:. Heat. Geothermal G radient (increasing temps within Earth) Magma.

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Agents of Metamorphism

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  1. METAMORPHIC ROCKS- “MORPHED” FROM SEDIMENTARY OR IGNEOUS ROCKS 6.3 Lecture Notes Agents of Metamorphism Heat causes rocks to expand & mineral bonds weaken or break. Once broken, they can form new minerals! Effects: Heat Geothermal Gradient (increasing temps within Earth) Magma. Sources:

  2. Ions in fluids can mix with ions in minerals & act as a “seed” for new mineral growth. Effects: Chemically Active Fluids Sources: Ionic solutions deep within Earth. Ionic solutions in heated water, near magma chambers.

  3. Pressure compacts rocks & can break ionic bonds. This creates more-compact mineral structures. Effects: Pressure Sources: Weight of overlying rocks deeper in Earth. At convergent boundaries. Along fault lines.

  4. Impact Primary Agents: 1. Heat 2. Pressure Types of Metamorphism Describe: When a meteorite hits Earth, extreme pressure & heat alter rocks that are hit.

  5. Pressure Primary Agents: Dynamic Pressure changes rock structure along a fault line as rocks are crushed. Describe:

  6. Primary Agents: Pressure, temp, chemically active fluids All 3 agents together can cause huge areas of rocks to metamorphose. Example: Mountain Building. Describe: Regional

  7. Primary Agent: Heat Describe: A tremendous heat sources contacts a pre-existing rock. Example: Igneous intrusions. Contact Rock texture & minerals usually change. Characterisitcs:

  8. Primary Agent: Pressure Describe: As rock gets buried deep in Earth, equal pressures compress it from all sides. Burial No banding pattern compared to Sedimentary rocks that get buried and compressed. Characteristics: Compressed Sedimentary Burial metamorphic

  9. Types of Change Recrystallization The growth of new mineral grains are bigger than the original grains of minerals. Describe:

  10. Compaction Describe: Occurs when grains move closer together & reduce pore size (spaces between grains) due to Increased pressure.

  11. Foliation Under pressure, grains of rocks become aligned parallel to each. This changes the texture. Describe:

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