Computer Networking

1. 广西医科大学 ComputerNetworking 网络课件 双语教学 模拟实验 计算机网络教研室

2. DI 1 2 3 CHAPTER 19NETWORK MANAGEMENT AND OPERATION The first section Exercises Online lecture

3. Chapter 19 Network Management and Operation 19-1 INTRODUCTION www.gxmu.edu.cn

4. Chapter 19 Network Management and Operation 19-2 DEFINITION AND SCOPE OF NETWORK MANAGEMENT & OPERATION www.gxmu.edu.cn

5. Chapter 19 Network Management and Operation 19-3 Network Operation www.gxmu.edu.cn Network operations is the set of activities required to keep a communications network operating on a short term, day-to-day basis. network operation group

6. Chapter 19 Network Management and Operation 19-3 Service requirements www.gxmu.edu.cn

7. Chapter 19 Network Management and Operation 19-3 Scope of network operation Six elements that make up the scope of network operation are: user workstations, modems (NIC)， circuits, routers, multiplexers, software www.gxmu.edu.cn

8. 1 2 3 Network is an asset Network is a resource on which organizations become dependent Networks are growing or changing rapidly Chapter 19 Network Management and Operation 19-3 why it is important to manage the network www.gxmu.edu.cn

9. Chapter 19 Network Management and Operation 19-4 NETWORK MANAGEMENT IN SMALL ORGANIZATIONS www.gxmu.edu.cn

10. Directing Organizing Controlling Staffing Planning Chapter 19 Network Management and Operation 19-5 THE FUNCTIONS OF NETWORK MANAGEMENT Business objective of network MNT is to satisfy org's and user's service expectations by providing reliable network service. The five functions of network management www.gxmu.edu.cn

11. admin users network network Chapter 19 Network Management and Operation 19-5 STAFFING Sample... www.gxmu.edu.cn

12. Chapter 19 Network Management and Operation 19-6 Method A.Hiring people who have the right aptitudes and the ability and interest in continuing to learn is very important. because the networking world is continually changing in both the technological and regulatory dimensions. B.Outside consultants can be used on occasion to supplement the knowledge of the internal staff,particularly when very specialized expertise. www.gxmu.edu.cn

13. When are engaged ,they normally take over all responsibility for staffing and all other parts of network planning and operation Asking another company to take over the design，implementation, and operation of a network Some org feel that it is an excellent idea because networking isn’t their mainstream When are engaged ,they normally take over all responsibility for staffing and other parts of network planning and operation When are engaged ,they normally take over all responsibility for staffing and other parts of network planning and operation 4 3 5 1 2 Chapter 19 Network Management and Operation 19-6 Outsourcing • Other org feel that networking is too vital to outsource and they would rather retain total control . www.gxmu.edu.cn

14. Chapter 19 Network Management and Operation 19.6 ORGANIZING Grouping people to accomplish the mission of the department is called organizing. Must to organize people to carry out their responsibilities . www.gxmu.edu.cn

15. Chapter 19 Network Management and Operation 19-6 Typical telecommunications department organization. There is always the flexibility to tailor the ORG to the talents of individuals in the group. www.gxmu.edu.cn

16. Chapter 19 Network Management and Operation 19-6 PLANNING www.gxmu.edu.cn

17. Chapter 19 Network Management and Operation 19-6 How to do? www.gxmu.edu.cn

18. Chapter 19 Network Management and Operation 19-6 Assumptions www.gxmu.edu.cn

19. Chapter 19 Network Management and Operation 19-6 DIRECTING www.gxmu.edu.cn

20. Chapter 19 Network Management and Operation 19-6 The MISSION of NETWORK DEPARTMENT 信息网络中心管理员职责 信息网络中心管理员在网络中心主管的领导下开展规范性的工作，其职责如下： 1、定期检查信息网络中心所有设备使用情况，做好保管和维护工作，保证教学的正常进行。 2、妥善保管各种软件、资料及文档，以便于定期检查、更换有故障的软件。要妥善管理网络中心维修工具及其他物品。 3、对进入备课室备课的教师及进计算机房上课的学生履行登记手续，并做好记录。 4、帮助教师掌握多媒体设备基本知识，为教师实施现代化教学做好服务工作。 5、负责使用网络合作学习教室与计算机房的预约登记工作，统一、合理地做好安排，避免发生使用冲突。 6、负责校园网站的基本维护工作，建设处室网站，协助各教研组及年段网站建设。 7、负责学校各项活动的摄像与照相工作，并做好采编挂网工作。 8、接受和完成学校布置的其他临时性任务。 www.gxmu.edu.cn

21. Financial control Quality of service Chapter 19 Network Management and Operation 19-6 CONTROLLING The most common financial control is the measurement of actual expenses against budget. Network departments should have service-level agreements for the services they provide. Means ensuring that the department is performing according to the plans it has made. two major controls www.gxmu.edu.cn

22. Chapter 19 Network Management and Operation Figure 19-3 A monthly network department expense report. www.gxmu.edu.cn

23. Chapter 19 Network Management and Operation 19-6 QOS(Quality of Service ) www.gxmu.edu.cn

24. Chapter 19 Network Management and Operation 19-6 NETWORK OPERATION & THE NETWORK OPERATIONS GROUP Network operation is made up of the following six activities: day-to-day operations, problem management, measurement and tuning, configuration control, change management, management reporting www.gxmu.edu.cn

25. Chapter 19 Network Management and Operation 19-6 THE NETWORK OPERATIONS GROUP It is the heart of network management. it is most easily visualized as a group of people who reside in a place called the network operation center. It is responsible for the management of the physical network resources; activation of components such as lines or routers, perhaps manually rerouting traffic when circuits fail; And execution of normal and problem-related procedures. www.gxmu.edu.cn

26. Chapter 19 Network Management and Operation 19-6 Another responsibility When the network is operating properly, the network operations staff has little to do.F It is to collect statistics about the network's performance and to watch developing trends that may affect performance. www.gxmu.edu.cn

27. Chapter 19 Network Management and Operation 19-7 PROBLEM MANAGEMENT The process of expeditiouslyhandling a problem from its initial recognitionto a satisfactory resolution is called problem management. www.gxmu.edu.cn

28. Chapter 19 Network Management and Operation 19-7 Help desk The primary function of the help desk is to train users and answer questions about their computer applications. F www.gxmu.edu.cn

29. Chapter 19 Network Management and Operation Figure 19-4 Help desk log of each reported problem. 19-7 Trouble Ticket provides a uniform format for recording problems, and, if it is stored on a computer, the resulting data base can be used to generate various reports. www.gxmu.edu.cn

30. Chapter 19 Network Management and Operation 19-7 trouble ticket A trouble ticket is a piece of paper or computer screen on which the details of a problem are recorded. www.gxmu.edu.cn

31. Chapter 19 Network Management and Operation 19-7 Standard list of questions www.gxmu.edu.cn

32. Chapter 19 Network Management and Operation 19.7 Problem Resolution Levels Levels of support • Leve1： Quickly resolve a high percentage –say 80 to 85 percent。 • Leve2： Solve 10 percent to 15 percent of the total Problem that are reported。 Technicians ,who have a higher degree of Skill, experience,or training. www.gxmu.edu.cn

33. Chapter 19 Network Management and Operation 19-7 Level 3 www.gxmu.edu.cn

34. Chapter 19 Network Management and Operation 19-7 Escalation Procedures Problem escalation is the process of raising the level of awareness of a problem to higher levels of management and/or bringing additional technical resource to bear on resolving the problem. 2 forms: www.gxmu.edu.cn

35. Chapter 19 Network Management and Operation Figure 19-5 A problem escalation procedure. The process of problem escalation is usually triggered by the clock. Technical escalation and management escalation may have different time limits, and may, therefore, proceed on different schedules。 www.gxmu.edu.cn

36. Chapter 19 Network Management and Operation 19-7 Problem tracking meeting www.gxmu.edu.cn

37. Chapter 19 Network Management and Operation 19-7 Bypassing the Problem Problems can often be bypassed by replacing failing equipment with working equipment, by reconfiguring equipment, by using dial-up lines as backup for failing leased or private circuits, or by software switching. www.gxmu.edu.cn

38. Chapter 19 Network Management and Operation 19-7 Reconfiguration In the network control center where all of the circuits come together, spare equipment can be substituted by using hubs, switches, and patch panels. Dial backup ：Use dial-up lines as the backup for leased circuits . www.gxmu.edu.cn

39. Chapter 19 Network Management and Operation 19-7 Problem Diagnosis & Repair While solid failures are relatively easy to detect, intermittent failures can be difficult for even the most sophisticatedhardware or software to spotand track. Most modern communications equipment has built-in diagnostic capabilities. One reason why it is desirableto have appropriate diagnostic equipment and trained technicians on the staff of the user organization is that it is not always clear which vendor should be called when problems occurs. www.gxmu.edu.cn

40. Chapter 19 Network Management and Operation 19-8 Protocol analyzer It is computer software or computer hardware that can look at the actual bits or characters being transmitted on the circuit to determine whether the rules of the protocol are being followed correctly。 also known as a network analyzer or sniffer, Wrong：A protocol analyzer is a technician especially trained to find protocol errors. www.gxmu.edu.cn

41. Chapter 19 Network Management and Operation 19-8 Sniffer Another Sample… NEXT… www.gxmu.edu.cn

42. Chapter 19 Network Management and Operation www.gxmu.edu.cn

43. Chapter 19 Network Management and Operation 19-8 PERFORMANCE MANAGEMENT Performance of network is measured by Reliability & response time It is the set of activities that measure network performance and adjust it as necessary to meet users’ requirements Performance . www.gxmu.edu.cn

44. Chapter 19 Network Management and Operation 19-8 star topology network With a star (topology) network, the network operations group should be concerned about the reliability of computer processing because the server at the center of the star is a part of the network and if it goes down, the network will be down as well. www.gxmu.edu.cn

45. Chapter 19 Network Management and Operation 19-8 Service level agreement The x hours of day or week when the user`s terminal and applications should normally be available. The available will be 98 percent ,as measured at the user terminal . Downtime will not exceed 2 percent. Response time >1 second 99% >10 second 100% www.gxmu.edu.cn

46. Chapter 19 Network Management and Operation 19-8 What are some network operation statistics ？ Overall network availability and network availability. Response time; Circuit utilization; Errors; Routing: Buffer utilization; Transaction mix; Queue lengths; Processing time; www.gxmu.edu.cn

47. Chapter 19 Network Management and Operation Figure 19-6 These trend charts show several parameters of a network’s operations. The standard level of performance is shown on many of thecharts. 19-8 Performance reporting reporting should provide data so performance trends can be seen。 look at current performance but not historical performance。 www.gxmu.edu.cn

48. Chapter 19 Network Management and Operation www.gxmu.edu.cn

49. Chapter 19 Network Management and Operation 19-9 Equipment Inventory An inventory of network equipment should include items such as the model and serial number of equipment, date installed, location, cost or other value, and the circuit the equipment is connected to. www.gxmu.edu.cn

50. Chapter 19 Network Management and Operation 19-9 Network Diagrams A map is a often a useful way to display the topology of a network. Shows all of the network locations and the circuis that connect them. www.gxmu.edu.cn