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Kabul

Kabul. By: Sarah Haack. Demographics. Nationality: Afghan(s). Ethnic Groups: Pashtun 42%, Tajik 27%, Hazara 9%, Uzbek 9%, Aimak 4%, Turkmen 3%, Balock 2%, Other 4%. Language: about 50% speak the official language of Afghanistan which is Afghan Persian or Dari.

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Kabul

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  1. Kabul By: Sarah Haack

  2. Demographics • Nationality: Afghan(s). • Ethnic Groups: Pashtun 42%, Tajik 27%, Hazara 9%, Uzbek 9%, Aimak 4%, Turkmen 3%, Balock 2%, Other 4%. • Language: about 50% speak the official language of Afghanistan which is Afghan Persian or Dari. • Religions: Sunni Muslim 80%, Shia Muslim 19%, Other 1%. • Population: 30,419,928. • Age structure: 0-14 years42.3% 15-64 years55.3% 65 years and over2.4% • Population growth rate: 2.22% , Birth rate: 39.3 births/1,000 population, Death rate:14.59 deaths/1,000 population. http://www.everyculture.com/A-Bo/Afghanistan.html

  3. Early History • Alexander the Great took over the area known as Afghanistan after defeating the Persians. • After Alexander the Great died the Seleucids took over. • 7th century AD: Islam is brought by Arab armies to Afghanistan. http://www.bing.com/images/search?q=alexander+the+great&FORM=HDRSC2# http://www.abc.net.au/news/2009-06-02/timeline-afghanistans-turbulent-history/1702156 http://www.afghanistan-culture.com/kabul-history.html

  4. Mongol Conquest • 1219: Afghanistan is overrun by Mongols under Genghis Khan. • 1504: Mughal Empire is established with its capital being Kabul. After 200 years it is ruled by many different groups. http://www.bing.com/images/search?q=genghis+khan&FORM=HDRSC2#view=detail&id=C184FA128954A78784888C1679C0E2A6DDB7BAE0&selectedIndex=18 http://www.abc.net.au/news/2009-06-02/timeline-afghanistans-turbulent-history/1702156 http://www.afghanistan-culture.com/kabul-history.html

  5. Afghanistan is born • 1747: Afghanistan is founded by Ahmad Shah Durran (bodyguard of assasinated Persian ruler Nadir Shah) capital was Kandahar. • Ahmad Shah conquers Pakistan and parts of India and Iran. • 1826: Dost Mohammad takes rule in Kabul. http://www.bing.com/images/search?q=india+pakistan+and+iran&FORM=HDRSC2# http://www.abc.net.au/news/2009-06-02/timeline-afghanistans-turbulent-history/1702156 http://www.afghanistan-culture.com/kabul-history.html

  6. The British arrive • 1838: British declares First Anglo-Afghan war to place Shuja Shah on the throne in Kabul, British stay till1842. • 1878: Second Anglo-Afghan, lasts until 1880. http://www.bing.com/images/search?q=first+anglo+afghan+war+1842&qs=AS&sk=AS1&FORM=QBIR&pq=first%20anglo%20afghan&sc=4-18&sp=2&qs=AS&sk=AS1#view=detail&id=C6510FE7DE69F417255B5E82D4368A998E40677A&selectedIndex=2 http://www.abc.net.au/news/2009-06-02/timeline-afghanistans-turbulent-history/1702156 http://www.afghanistan-culture.com/kabul-history.html

  7. A state is created • 1919: Afghanistan regains independence after a third war against Britain. • 1933: Zahir Shah becomes king and remains in power for the next 40 years. • 1973: Republic: The former prime minister, Mohammed Daud, seizes power in a coup and declares a republic. • 1978: He is overthrown, a year later, HufizullahAmin becomes president. http://www.abc.net.au/news/2009-06-02/timeline-afghanistans-turbulent-history/1702156 http://www.afghanistan-culture.com/kabul-history.html

  8. The Soviet war • 1979: Soviet troops move into Afghanistan and remove HufizullahAmin from power. • 1980: BabrackKarmal is becomes president. http://www.bing.com/images/search?q=the+soviet+war+in+afghanistan&qs=AS&sk=&FORM=QBIR&pq=the%20soviet%20war%20&sc=7-15&sp=1&qs=AS&sk=# http://www.afghanistan-culture.com/kabul-history.html http://www.abc.net.au/news/2009-06-02/timeline-afghanistans-turbulent-history/1702156

  9. Mujahedeen triumph • 1989: Soviet troops leave Afghanistan. • 1992: Mujahedeen take control of the capital. President Nujibullah falls from power. Militias compete for control. http://www.abc.net.au/news/2009-06-02/timeline-afghanistans-turbulent-history/1702156 http://www.afghanistan-culture.com/kabul-history.html

  10. Taliban rule • 1996: The Taliban take control establish Islamic law, banning women from work and using brutal punishments like stoning to death and amputations. • 1998: Bin Laden: The United States launches air strikes where Osama bin Laden could possibly be, he is accused of organizing bombings. http://www.abc.net.au/news/2009-06-02/timeline-afghanistans-turbulent-history/1702156 http://www.afghanistan-culture.com/kabul-history.html

  11. War declared • 2001: September 11: US planes are hijacked. Two are flown into the World Trade Center, one is flown into the Pentagon, another crashes in Pennsylvania. Almost 3,000 people are killed in the attacks. The US blames Al Qaeda, a terrorist group in Afghanistan. • Military October- December: The US and Britain launch air strikes in Afghanistan because they will not release Bin Laden. • 2005-2006: Between January 2005 and August 2006 there are 64 suicide attacks, killing 181 people. • 2006 October: NATO takes control of security across Afghanistan. • November: A bomber targets a parliamentary delegation in Baghlan, worst suicide attack so far, more than 40 people die. • July: - A suicide bomber attacks the Indian embassy in Kabul. More than 50 people die. • September: The US sends an additional 4,500 troops. • October: Germany sends an additional 3,500 troops. • 2009 February: President Barack Obama sends 17,000 extra troops to Afghanistan. http://www.bing.com/images/search?q=world+trade+center+attack&qs=bs&form=QBIR#view=detail&id=3566737034999848D9B362F4C766961D288C01F0&selectedIndex=3 http://www.abc.net.au/news/2009-06-02/timeline-afghanistans-turbulent-history/1702156 http://www.afghanistan-culture.com/kabul-history.html

  12. Bibliography • Works Cited • "Culture of Afghanistan - history, people, clothing, women, beliefs, food, customs, family, social." Countries and Their Cultures. N.p., n.d. Web. 4 Mar. 2013. <http://www.everyculture.com/A-Bo/Afghanistan.html>. • "Kabul history, History of the capital Kabul Afghanistan." Welcome to Afghanistan Culture!. N.p., n.d. Web. 4 Mar. 2013. <http://www.afghanistan-culture.com/kabul-history.html>. • "Timeline: Afghanistan's turbulent history - ABC News (Australian Broadcasting Corporation)." ABC.net.au. N.p., n.d. Web. 4 Mar. 2013. <http://www.abc.net.au/news/2009-06-02/timeline-afghanistans-turbulent-history/1702156>. • "alexander the great - Bing Images." Bing. N.p., n.d. Web. 4 Mar. 2013. <http://www.bing.com/images/search?q=alexander+the+great&FORM=HDRSC2#>. • "first anglo afghan war 1842 - Bing Images." Bing. N.p., n.d. Web. 4 Mar. 2013. <http://www.bing.com/images/search?q=first+anglo+afghan+war+1842&qs=AS&sk=AS1&FORM=QBIR&pq=first%20anglo%20afghan&sc=4-18&sp=2&qs=AS&sk=AS1#view=detail&id=C6510FE7DE69F417255B5E82D4368A998E40677A&selectedIndex=2>. • "genghis khan - Bing Images." Bing. N.p., n.d. Web. 4 Mar. 2013. <http://www.bing.com/images/search?q=genghis+khan&FORM=HDRSC2#view=detail&id=C184FA128954A78784888C1679C0E2A6DDB7BAE0&selectedIndex=18>. • "indiapakistan and iran - Bing Images." Bing. N.p., n.d. Web. 4 Mar. 2013. <http://www.bing.com/images/search?q=india+pakistan+and+iran&FORM=HDRSC2#>. • "the soviet war in afghanistan - Bing Images." Bing. N.p., n.d. Web. 4 Mar. 2013. <http://www.bing.com/images/search?q=the+soviet+war+in+afghanistan&qs=AS&sk=&FORM=QBIR&pq=the%20soviet%20war%20&sc=7-15&sp=1&qs=AS&sk=#>. • "world trade center attack - Bing Images." Bing. N.p., n.d. Web. 4 Mar. 2013. <http://www.bing.com/images/search?q=world+trade+center+attack&qs=bs&form=QBIR#view=detail&id=3566737034999848D9B362F4C766961D288C01F0&selectedIndex=3>.  • MLA formatting by BibMe.org.

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