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RAM

RAM. RAM on the Motherboard. Loses all data when PC is turned off (except data stored on CMOS chip) Two categories Static RAM (SRAM) Fast Used as a memory cache Dynamic RAM (DRAM) Slower; requires constant refreshing. DRAM. How Memory Caching Works. Examples of Memory Modules . DRAM.

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RAM

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  1. RAM

  2. RAM on the Motherboard • Loses all data when PC is turned off (except data stored on CMOS chip) • Two categories • Static RAM (SRAM) • Fast • Used as a memory cache • Dynamic RAM (DRAM) • Slower; requires constant refreshing

  3. DRAM

  4. How Memory Caching Works

  5. Examples of Memory Modules

  6. DRAM • SIMM technologies • Can use either EDO or FPM technology • DIMM technologies • Can use either BEDO (burst EDO) or synchronous RAM (SDRAM) • RIMM technologies • Each socket must be filled to maintain continuity

  7. Upgrading Memory • What to look for when buying memory chips and modules • How much and what kind of memory to buy • Reading ads about memory modules • Installing memory

  8. What to Look for When Buying Memory Chips and Modules • Use type, size, density, and fastest speed supported by the motherboard • Match tin leads to tin connectors and gold leads to gold connectors • Beware of remanufactured and re-marked memory chips

  9. How Much and What Kind of Memory to Buy • Determine how much memory you have and need • Identify the number, type, and size of memory modules supported by your motherboard • Determine how much memory can you afford • Match memory modules to the motherboard

  10. Installing Memory • Protect chips against static electricity • Usually modules pop into place easily and are secured by spring catches on both ends

  11. Installing a SIMM Module

  12. Installing a DIMM Module

  13. Installing a DIMM Module (continued)

  14. Installing a RIMM Module

  15. Types of RAM • SDRAM • Systems use some form of synchronous DRAM (SDRAM) • Still DRAM, but it is synchronous • SDRAM DIMMs came in a wide variety of pin sizes • Desktops were the 168-pin variety. • Laptop DIMMs came in 68-pin, 144-pin

  16. RDRAM • Replace SDRAM with a very fast, new type of RAM developed byRambus, Inc. called Rambus DRAM, or simply RDRAM • Came in two sizes: • A 184-pin for desktops • A 160-pin SO-RIMM for laptops

  17. DDR SDRAM • Double Data Rate SDRAM (DDR SDRAM) • DDR SDRAM for desktops comes in 184-pin DIMMs • DDR SDRAM for laptopscomes in either 200-pin SO-DIMMs or 172-pin micro-DIMMs

  18. DDR2 • Run at a blistering PC4800. • 4.8 gigabytes per second (GBps) of data throughput • DDR2 uses a 240-pin DIMM that’s not compatible with DDR

  19. Latency • A delay in RAM’s response time is called its Latency • RAM with a lower latency such as CL2 is faster than RAM with a higher latency such as CL3 because it responds more quickly

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