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Theme. Maximizing Asset Value with IOR / EOR. India Drilling & Exploration Conference (IDEC) – 2013 23-24 May 2013, Mumbai. ONGC a Wealth Creator. IOR / EOR ??. IOR. …….includes all methods for supplementing natural reservoir forces and energy Pressure Maintenance,

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  1. Theme Maximizing Asset Value with IOR / EOR India Drilling & Exploration Conference (IDEC) – 2013 23-24 May 2013, Mumbai ONGC a Wealth Creator

  2. IOR / EOR ?? IOR • …….includes all methods for supplementing natural reservoir forces and energy • Pressure Maintenance, • Recycling of produced fluids • Secondary recovery in its original sense i.e. fluid injection /stimulation/artificial lift within an economic limit. EOR • …. defined as oil recovery by the injection of materials normally not present in reservoir. • does exclude water-flooding and is intended to exclude all pressure maintenance processes. Source : SPE Petroleum Reservoir Management Catalogue Most valuable Indian PSU

  3. IOR / EOR … Views from Literature Dr Farouq Ali, during a Webinar on 17 May 2012 Quote : My definition for EOR is recovery of the oil left after a waterflood for any oil. IOR is good Reservoir Engineering, horizontal wells, infill drilling etc. plus EOR. Unquote # 21 Energy Company in the World

  4. IOR / EOR …. experience in ONGC

  5. IOR-EOR …. • Targeted 15 major fields thru structured IOR/EOR schemes • Acreage reduction • Water Injection Redistribution • A/L Optimization • Hi-tech drilling Sustained oil production of ~20 MMt in Majors A FORTUNE Global 500 Company

  6. Next Campaign Rolling Dev Campaign in Offshore Majors • Integrated development • Tapping Bypassed oil • Improved Reservoir characterization Ph-III • IOR for Major & Medium sized fields of Onshore • Revamp/enhancement of surface facilities factored Most valuable Indian PSU

  7. Offshore Carbonate Reservoir 200 50 180 45 160 40 140 35 120 30 RF, % Np, MMt 100 25 80 20 60 15 40 10 20 5 0 0 Base IOR (FR) IOR (RFR) IOR Ph- II Cum. Oil Production, MMt RF, % Offshore Major 100 50 90 45 80 40 70 35 60 30 RF, % Np, MMt 50 25 40 20 30 15 20 10 10 5 0 0 Part-I Part-II I+II Redev III Phase- Phase- Field growth Cum. Oil Production, MMt RF, % Increasing Asset Value… IOR Examples # 21 Energy Company in the World

  8. EOR Efforts • Commercial Scale • Miscible Gas Injection • Bold Reservoir Management decision to halt production to achieve MMP • ISC Thermal Process • Largest ISC implementation in Heavy Oil belt - A game changer • Polymer flood • Possibility of achieving + 36% RF as against 15% from water flood • MEOR(now a Patented Technology) • Putting life to stripper wells thru huff-n-puff mode • Ready with MEOR in flood mode • Proven EOR Pilots • WAG in multi-layered reservoir • ASP in WON • Future Vision of EOR • Entry of ISC Process in Light Oil, CSS • Field Scale WAG • Low salinity / Low IFT water flood • Solution search for EOR in Offshore # 21 Energy Company in the World

  9. Increasing Asset Value… EOR Examples • Miscible Gas Injection • Multi-layered reservoir • Depth 2000m • Sandstone with heterogeneity • Temp ~ 120°C • Thermal Process • High viscosity (100 – 2000 cp) • Multi-layered reservoir • Moderate depth ~1200m • Sandstone with good K, Phi • Water drive # 21 Energy Company in the World

  10. EOR Projects for Tomorrow EOR technology : Some proven processes already in operation, several evolved to trial stage, and many more still in R&D phase • LOSAL : Change in rock fluid interaction and multi cation exchange, releasing entrapped oil from rock surface • Increased displacement efficiency of 10%. • Works better in presence of non swelling clays • Viscoelastic surfactants : a new class of chemicals used to loosen grip of oil on rock by reducing interfacial tension • Tight formations, high salinities • For reservoir temp. upto 100°C • An Alkaline Surfactant Foam (ASF) flood with AS pre-flush : designed to recover all the oil present in core after water flooding • Needs more studies to optimize the process # 21 Energy Company in the World

  11. EOR Projects for Tomorrow EOR technology : Some proven processes already in operation, several evolved to trial stage, and many more still in R&D phase • Improving efficiency of cyclic steam by thermo-reversible gel-forming systems(GFS) • Gel blocks high permeable channels and increases conformance of thermal steam treatment • Heterogenetic combination flooding system of Preformed Particle Gel (PPG) • PPG’s 3D network and polymer chains lead to increased visco-elasticity and sweep volume to improve recovery • Colloidal Dispersion Gels (CDGs): CDGs lightly cross-linked polyacrylamide gels formed in-situ; Salinity independent and alternative to high salinity polymer flood projects requiring high polymer concentration • Nanoparticles to increase viscosity of injection fluid and reduce mobility contrast • Can serve for IFT reduction, foam stabilization, and alteration of wettability # 21 Energy Company in the World

  12. 50 % 40 % 20 % 30 % Concluding Thoughts ….. Maximizing Asset Value with IOR/EOR – Is a Moving WIN Post (Continuous Exercise) – Thrust on Major fields to have global impact • No unique solution for every Field/Reservoir • Technology and Price Dependent • Infrastructure revamping coupled with high tech drilling/ completion will aid in improving Asset Value • Role of EOR is of prime importance for mature fields • New and emerging EOR technologies hold promise # 21 Energy Company in the World

  13. Primary Recovery Natural Flow Artificial Lift Pump – Gas Lift etc. Secondary Recovery Water Flood Pressure Maintenance Water / Gas : Reinjection Tertiary Recovery Thermal Chemical Others MEOR, CO2.. Miscible, Solvent Recovery Mechanisms Conventional Recovery Enhanced Recovery A FORTUNE Global 500 Company

  14. IOR / EOR … Views from Literature • Of the two, the term EOR has clearer definition. • EOR refers to Reservoir Processes that recover oil not produced by Secondary Processes. • Primary recovery uses natural energy to produce oil/gas • Secondary recovery uses injectants to re-pressurize the reservoir and to displace oil to producers (WI, GI) • EOR Processes Target what is left • Focuses on Rock/Oil/Injection system and interplay of Capillary and Viscous Forces • IOR refers to any practice to increase oil recovery that may include EOR processes, as well as practices to increase sweep such as infill drilling, horizontal wells etc. Source : Guest Editorial, JPT 2003 ONGC a Wealth Creator

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