1 / 25

Architecture Vocabulary

Architecture Vocabulary. Design Foundations. Lintel. A horizontal architectural member spanning and usually carrying the load above an opening. Capital. The uppermost part of a column, crowning the shaft and taking the weight. Marble.

zarola
Download Presentation

Architecture Vocabulary

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Architecture Vocabulary Design Foundations

  2. Lintel • A horizontal architectural member spanning and usually carrying the load above an opening

  3. Capital • The uppermost part of a column, crowning the shaft and taking the weight

  4. Marble Limestone that is more or less crystallized by metamorphism, that ranges from granular to compact in texture, that is capable of taking a high polish, and that is used especially in architecture and sculpture

  5. Pediments A triangular space that forms the gable of a low-pitched roof and that is usually filled with relief sculpture in classical architecture

  6. Frieze Any band or border on the outside of a building, usually above the lintel that holds sculpture.

  7. Ancient Greeks 1200-30 BC Several Time periods Most significant was the Classical Period 500-400BC 447BC -432BC The Parthenon was begun. Used previous designs for temple layout Basic design they felt achieved perfection.

  8. Parthenon floors not level Columns bowed Doric order of columns were used

  9. Columns There are three basic types of columns that were created during the Greek period. Columns support the lintels allowing a roof to be made and creating space inside a building.

  10. Many of their main buildings were temples. Since it was only the priest who could go inside them, there was no need for windows.

  11. Roman Architecture 1st Great Builders of the world. Used ideas from the Greeks Used their columns for decoration not support as the Greeks did. Built temples on platforms. Gives more impressive presence.

  12. Vaults and Barrel Vault A vault is an arched structure usually made of stones. Can be enclosed or open. Barrel Vault is a series of round arches placed next to each other to create a tunnel. Made it possible to cover huge rooms and halls with stone ceilings. Windowless walls were needed to support them.

  13. Keystone Top stone of the arch that holds the rest in place. Space that is created is more than the space that can be spanned using a lintel which the Greeks used.

  14. Concrete Romans were the first to make extensive use of this material. Allowed to make large scale building structures. Because the Romans spread so far and wide their use of buildings were spread too. They are still found throughout Europe.

  15. Colosseum Used three orders of coloumns.

  16. Pantheon Domes Created with no windows-caused weakness Hole at the top to let in light Because of the dome feature it created a large space inside in which to house many people or events. This eventually leads to courts, churches, theaters and other public meetings.

  17. Byzantine Architecture When Constantine 1 moved the capital of the Roman Empire from Roman to Constantinople old Roman began to be weak but the eastern designer flourished. Hagia Sophia was created that allowed lighter walls and windows into its structure.

  18. Gothic Style 1100-1500 Was given the name from the people who invaded the Roman Empire from the north. It was meant as a derogatory name because it did not hold to Greek and Roman standards. Gothic Cathedrals it’s greatest achievements.

  19. Flying Buttresses Buttress is a support or brace that counteracts the outward thrust of an arch. Could reduce sideways pressure by using more vertical pressure. = spires, slender columns.

  20. Baroque 1600-1700 Façade-front of building Sculptural quality of the front of a building.

  21. European and American 1800’s Use of Iron/steel to create structures. Creates new innovations in construction Antonia Gaudi-Use of nature to inspire designs. Louis Sullivan –Designs without influence from the past.

  22. Modern/Contemporary LeCorbusier –Swiss More flowing walls and forms Frank Lloyd Wright- Wisconsin based New ways of looking Frank Gehry-

  23. Post-Moderanism Rejects the steel boxes created by architects Revisits early classical styles.

  24. http://www.finehouse.net/Images/PedimentsLintels374x201.gif • http://www.architecturaldepot.com/images/category-tree/pediments.jpg • http://www.umehon.maine.edu/images/hon111/acropolis/Parthenon%20Pediments.jpg • http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/SPLIT-Mausoleum_capital.jpg/450px-SPLIT-Mausoleum_capital.jpg • http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/20/Stanford_University_Column.JPG&imgrefurl=http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Image:Stanford_University_Column.JPG&h=1695&w=2105&sz=707&hl=en&start=38&tbnid=MXVSKNYOwNp0iM:&tbnh=121&tbnw=150&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dcapitals-architecture%26start%3D20%26gbv%3D2%26ndsp%3D20%26hl%3Den%26sa%3DN • http://www.heartofstone.co.uk/HOS/UL/CBMA%20092%20beige%20marble.jpg • http://www.mountdesertgb.com/images/marble/bordeaux-marble.jpg • http://cache.eb.com/eb/image?id=5816&rendTypeId=4 • http://static.flickr.com/70/171325753_a5db604404.jpg • http://www.keystonesearch.com/images/keystone_arch.jpg • http://www.new-age.co.uk/images/stonehenge-lintels-l.jpg • http://www.pragmaticconstruction.com/aDM_Lintels3.jpg • http://cache.eb.com/eb/image?id=20338&rendTypeId=4 • http://www.historyforkids.org/learn/medieval/architecture/pictures/rouen/flyingbuttress2.jpg • http://clicks.robertgenn.com/images/artists/robert_genn/051107_cathedral.jpg • http://www.ucalgary.ca/applied_history/tutor/imagemid/amiens.JPG • http://www.edina.k12.mn.us/cornelia/classrooms/5th/Thomasgard/KarTandon/Images/colosseum-rebuilt.jpg • http://www.columbia.edu/cu/gsapp/BT/EEI/MASONRY/09sophia.jpg • http://content.answers.com/main/content/wp/en-commons/thumb/8/8b/250px-Catane_Badia_Di_Sant_Agata.jpg • http://www.pacificmozart.org/blog/gaudi.jpg • http://middlezonemusings.com/wp-content/uploads/2007/03/eiffel-tower.jpg • http://www.bc.edu/bc_org/avp/cas/fnart/fa267/sullivan/carsonp1.jpg • http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/gcsebitesize/art/images/architecture/ag_lecorbusier_tn.jpg • http://www.design.cmu.edu/files/1855fallingwater_450x338.jpg • http://www.galinsky.com/buildings/peterblewis/gehryclev_05.jpg • http://www.exibart.com/foto/31255.jpghttp://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Charles_Moore_Piazza_d'Italia.jpg/300px-Charles_Moore_Piazza_d'Italia.jpg

More Related