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Barry County Substance Abuse Task Force: Increasing Amounts of Prescription Use Within the Community 2007 - 2011 . Prepared By: Shreenath Shah and Michael Spence Pharm D. Candidates 2013 Ferris State University College of Pharmacy . Objectives . Substance Abuse in the USA
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Barry County Substance Abuse Task Force: Increasing Amounts of Prescription Use Within the Community 2007 - 2011 Prepared By: Shreenath Shah and Michael Spence Pharm D. Candidates 2013 Ferris State University College of Pharmacy
Objectives • Substance Abuse in the USA • Introduction to the commonly abused prescription medications • View of Barry counties prescription medication use (Then and Now) • How you can help
Substance Abuse in the United States Three types of drugs are abused most often: • Opioids- Pain Relievers • CNS Depressants- Stress, Seizures, Sleep • Stimulants- ADHD and Narcolepsy
Prescriptions (Rx) Schedule II Substances: • MUST be written or typed and manually signed by a practitioner with valid DEA # • Provide a valid reason for medication • MAX of 30 day supply • NO Refills Schedule III Substances: • May be ordered by practitioner orally, in writing, or by fax to the pharmacist. • May be refilled if so authorized on the prescription or by call-in. • Can be refilled up to five times within six months
Commonly Abused Rx’s • Stimulants: • Amphetamines(Adderall), Methylphenidate (Concerta, Ritalin) – Schedule II – RX • ADHD • Excessive sleepiness • Depression • Methamphetamines , MDMA (Ecstasy), Cocaine – Illegal substances Concerta
Commonly Abused Rx’s • Stimulants Continued… • Intoxication Effects • Increased energy, alertness, feelings of exhilaration • How are they abused • Crushed and Injected, Smoked or Snorted • Side Effects • Faster heartbeat, seizures, insomnia, nervousness, paranoia aggressive behavior, hallucinations and heart attacks • Street Names: • Methylphenidate : Rits, Vitamin R and West Coast • Amphetamine: Speed, bennies, black beauties, crosses, hearts, uppers and truck drivers
Commonly Abused Rx’s 2. Opioids • Oxycodone containing products - CII - Oxycodone + Ibuprofen ( Combunox) - Oxycodone + Acetaminophen (Percocet, Oxycontin, Endocet, Oxceta, Tylox) - Street Names: Roxys, Percs, Roxicotten, 512s, O’s, Hillbilly heroin
Commonly Abused Rx’s 2. Opioids Continued… • Hydrocodone containing products – CIII • Hydrocodone + Acetaminophen (Vicodin, Norco, Lortab) • Street Names: Viko, Vikes or Hydro • Methadone – CII • Brand Names: Dolophine, Methadose, Methadone diskets • Street Names: Juice, Meth, Fizzies, Amidone Methadone Vicodin
Commonly Abused Rx’s 2. Opioids Continued… • Use: Moderate to severe pain • Side Effects: • Lowered heartbeat and breathing , coma, addiction, • How are they abused • Crushed and smoked, snorted or injected • Intoxication Effects • Pain relief, euphoria, impaired coordination, drowsiness
Population Size 2010 Census Cloverdale – N/A Delton -872 Dowling -374 Hastings – 7,308 Woodland - 425 Bellevue -1,282 Freeport – 483 Middleville – 3,319 Wayland -4,709 Hickory Corners - 322 Nashville – 1,628 Plainwell – 3804
Summary/Conclusions • Prescription drug use rising in the USA • Oxycodone, Hydrocodone and Stimulant use are most prescribed and dispensed medications in Barry County • Plainwell, Hastings and Delton all show significant increases in amounts of pain medication dispensed • Middleville and Wayland show similar increases in prescription medication use
Teenagers and Substance Abuse: National Statistics • 1 out of 10 teens have abused stimulants (Adderall or Ritalin) • 1 out of 5 teens have abused a prescription pain reliever • Hydrocodone, Oxycodone, Methadone
What Can I Do ? • Communication • Encourage Positive Behavior • Calmly set limits regarding drug abuse, ensuring child understands and is on the same page • Lead by example • Returning expired medications: • Medications, uncontrolled and controlled that are not disposed of properly can be stolen and misused
More Information/ Helpful Resources • Barry County Substance Abuse Task Force: • http://www.barrycountysatf.com • Substance Abuse Guide • Prescription and OTC Drug Abuse Guides • The Partnership at DrugFree.org • http://www.drugfree.org/ • National Institute for Drug Abuse: • http://teens.drugabuse.gov/ • Family Checkup: Positive Parenting Prevents Drug Abuse • http://www.drugabuse.gov/family-checkup
References • 1. National Institute on Drug Abuse [Internet].Maryland: NIH [Updated 2013 Jan] Commonly Abused Prescription Drugs Chart; [Cited on Feb 19 3013] Available from: http://www.drugabuse.gov/drugs-abuse/commonly-abused-drugs/commonly-abused-prescription-drugs-chart • 2. National Institute on Drug Abuse [Internet].Maryland: NIH [Updated 2013 Jan] Family Checkup: Positive Parenting Prevents Drugs; [Cited on Feb 19th 2013] Available From: http://www.drugabuse.gov/family-checkup • 3. National Institute on Drug Abuse for Teens [Internet]. Maryland: NIH for Teens [Updated Feb 19th 2013] Facts on Drugs [Cited on Feb 19 2013] Available from: http://teens.drugabuse.gov/drug-facts • 4. Barry County Substance Abuse Task Force [Internet] Michigan (Barry); [Updated February 2013] Program Material [Cited on Feb 20 2013] Available from: http://www.barrycountysatf.com/program-materials.html • 5. The partnership at drugfree.org [Internet]: [Updated February 2013] Prescription drug Abuse in the United States [Cited on Feb 19 2013] Available from: http://www.drugfree.org/drug-guide