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Computerised Air Traffic Management Tools - Benefits and Limitations

OMAR BASHIR (March 2005). Computerised Air Traffic Management Tools - Benefits and Limitations. Sequence. Air Traffic Management Key Objectives of Air Traffic Management Tools Application of Computer-based Tools Benefits of Computer-based Tools: Systems Development

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Computerised Air Traffic Management Tools - Benefits and Limitations

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  1. OMAR BASHIR (March 2005) Computerised Air Traffic Management Tools - Benefits and Limitations

  2. Sequence • Air Traffic Management • Key Objectives of Air Traffic Management Tools • Application of Computer-based Tools • Benefits of Computer-based Tools: Systems Development • Benefits of Computer-based Tools: Operations • Benefits of Computer-based Tools: Training and Support • Key Issues in Computer-based ATM Tools

  3. Air Traffic Management (ATM) • Air Traffic Management consists of a ground component and an aerial component. • ATM is comprised of the Air Traffic Control (ATC) system. • ATM functions include, • Air Traffic Control (ATC), • Air Traffic Flow Management (ATFM), • Airspace Management • The above mentioned functions contribute to achieve the ATM objectives during different phases of flight.

  4. Air Traffic Management Tools • Devices and systems that assist air traffic controllers in monitoring and managing air space to ensure an orderly and safe flow of aerial traffic. • Key objectives, • Provide optimum air space visibility, • Accurate and timely visualisation of appropriate air space segments facilitates decision making. • Optimise air space utilisation, • Non-optimum air space utilisation translates to financial losses. • Congestion avoidance and control is necessary to provide an orderly flow of traffic. • Increase safety, • Higher air space utilisation reduces tolerance to errors. • Allow flight crews to adopt efficient trajectories, • Conflict resolution performed as far ahead as possible. • Provide scalability and support extensibility for evolution.

  5. Application of Computer-based Tools • Collection, communication, storage, compilation and presentation of data. • Systems integration and multi-sensor data fusion. • Data refinement, integration and tracking. • Simulations • Predicting aircraft positions and conflict/violation alerts. • Operator training. • Research and development. • Decision support. • ATM tool frameworks and Integrated Development Environments (IDE).

  6. Benefits of Computerised ATM Tools: Systems Development • System scalability and fault tolerance. • Parallelism and distribution • System integration. • Heterogeniety management • Integration of sensors and C3I systems using different data formats and communication protocols. • Multi-sensor data fusion • Fusion of tracks generated by sensors and location and status information provided by the aircraft via air to ground links.

  7. Benefits of Computerised ATM Tools: Systems Development (Contd.) • Data modeling and integration. • Track and plot data • GIS • Weather information • Flight plans • COTS (Commercial Off The Shelf) hardware and software. • Economic and convenient system administration and maintenance. • Extensible systems development. • Patterns, frameworks and components.

  8. Benefits of Computer-based Tools: Operations • Improved visualisation • Colour coding • Overlays • Visual modeling • Decision support • Flight planning, • Conflict prediction and resolution, • Flight conformance monitoring. • Computer Supported Collabotive Working (CSCW) to support team functions. • Reduced overall operator workload due to reduced manual coordination and communications.

  9. Benefits of Computer-based Tools: Support • Simulations • Operator training, • Research and development. • Recording and replay for evaluation and investigations. • Recording and replay of local and global data and console switch operations. • Automatic statistics generation for • Performance evaluation of operators, • Analysis of traffic patterns to determine and investigate abnormalities.

  10. Key Issues in Computerised ATM Tools • Visualisation techniques require on-going research and development, • Representation of multi-dimensional data on a two dimensional display. • Data visualisation in dense environments. • Striking a balance between information starvation and information indigestion. • Overlaying certain information may cause confusion. • Performance and reliability requirements complicate system design and implementation. • Complexity of ATM applications further complicates system verification and validation. • Trade-off of simulation speed with simulation detail.

  11. Key Issues in Computerised ATM Tools (Contd.) • Variation in ATCO (ATC Operator) job and skills. • Reduced overall understanding of the processes and procedures due to automation. • Automation may mask human professional inadequacies. • Striking a balance between trusting the system and verifying its operation. • Essential to ensure reduced overall operator loading while ensuring correct system operation – a key issue in early ATM automation. • Organisation change management. • Introducing automation with minimum organisational impact. • Understanding and managing the impact of automation on the organisation. • Define a suitable implementation strategy. • Managing the “initial dip”.

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